Diagnosis and Treatment of Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum

Mz, Gunluoglu; Cansever, Levent; Demir, Adalet; Kocatürk, Celalettin; Melek, Hüseyin; Si, Dincer; Ma, Bedirhan

doi:10.1055/s-2008-1039059

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Acute onset of typical symptoms and the exclusion of other possible causes of pneumomediastinum with the help of CT are sufficient to make a diagnosis of SPM. SPM is a rare complication of asthma, especially in young men 1 7. Pneumomediastinum may result from coughing or retching8 9 and is also a rare complication of recreational drug use 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most frequent symptoms were neck swelling and rhinolalia. A preceding factor was found in 19 (83%) patients; these included vigorous cough, forced physical activity, vigorous sneezing and enormous efforts during spontaneous vaginal delivery 7. Review of previously reported cases of pneumomediastinum following drug inhalation reveals that the likely mechanism is due to Valsalva manoeuvre during periods of extreme physical exertion, and not a direct pharmacological effect of the drug 8…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mephedrone inhalation causes pneumomediastinum

2014

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SUMMARYA 17-year-old male patient presented to A&E with swelling on the right side of his neck, extending to below the clavicle, associated with neck pain and dysphonia. On examination, subcutaneous supraclavicular and chest wall emphysema was noted. Clinical observations and bloods were normal. A chest X-ray and subsequent CT of the thorax showed evidence of pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. The patient denied any history of trauma but admitted to inhalation of mephedrone 3 days previously. The patient was discussed with the regional cardiothoracic unit who advised conservative management. He was treated prophylactically with antibiotics and was initially kept nil by mouth, but diet was introduced 24 h later. He remained well, his dysphonia resolved and his subcutaneous emphysema improved. He was discharged after 3 days. He has not attended any formal follow-up but was well when contacted by phone. BACKGROUND

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mephedrone inhalation causes pneumomediastinum

2014

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“…Children have increased frequency (1 in 800 to 1 in 15,150 ED visits) [6]. The initial description and defining of this condition is credited to Hamman in 1939 [7] although reports of spontaneous pneumomediastinum date back to the 17th century, where it was observed in extreme effort during childbirth [2]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased intra-alveolar pressure causes air to leak into the interstitium and via centripetal forces (the Macklin effect [7]) to collect centrally [5]. This process is driven by pressure differences between the mediastinum and the lung parenchyma during the respiratory cycle [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum from Running Sprints

Turban

2010

Case Reports in Medicine

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Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is a fairly rare condition, caused by increased intrathoracic pressure, leading to free air in the mediastinal structures. Underlying lung conditions are associated with increased incidence of SPM, including asthma, interstitial lung disease, pneumonia, bullous lung, and radiation therapy for lung cancer. It is often preceded by Valsalva maneuvers, vomiting, coughing, asthma exacerbation, sneezing, childbirth, or intense physical activity. A case of SPM is presented in a 15-year-old male, who complained of throat pain and dyspnea while running sprints at football practice. Workup revealed SPM, and he was subsequently admitted and treated conservatively. His symptoms resolved in 2 days and he was discharged and suffered no further recurrences. In contrast to secondary pneumomediastinum, SPM is usually a benign condition although life-threatening conditions can rarely arise. Differentiating between these two conditions has important prognostic indications. There is a paucity of prospectively collected data regarding SPM, and considerable variation in recommendations concerning the extent of workup.

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“…Toraksta-boyunda ağrı, boyunda şişme, rinolali, dispne, öksürük, nazal ses, disfaji, anksiyete, güç-süzlük ve ateş bu semptomlar arasındadır (3,14,15). Sternum, kot, skapula, torasik spine kı-rıkları, travmatik beyin injurisi, major havayolu ve özofagus yaralanmaları eşlik eden yaralanmalar olarak belirtilmiştir (16).…”

Section: Post-travmati̇k Pnömomedi̇asti̇num Olgusu öZetunclassified