Diabetes mellitus type 2: factors related to adherence to self-care

Abstract

Objectives: to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical variables related to the adherence to self-care activities in people with diabetes mellitus type 2. Methods: quantitative, cross-sectional study, carried out with 270 people with diabetes from December 2019 to October 2020, in São Luís, Maranhão. Results: the adherence to self-care was greater when it comes to medications (Md=7.0) and foot care (Md= 6.0), but lower in regard to blood sugar testing (Md=1.0), exercise (Md=2,0), and diet (general) (Md=4.0). The variables age group (p=0.007), educational level (p=0.015), body mass index (p=0.035), complications with diabetes (p=0.009), and nutritional follow-up (p=0.000) had associations with self-care activities. Conclusions: identifying the factors related to the adherence to self-care was found to be essential to strengthen the line of care in chronic diseases and to direct educational actions, aiming to improve the quality of life of people with diabetes.

Prevalence and factors associated with dietary adherence in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Brazil: a systematic review with meta-analysis

“…Eleven cross-sectional studies, 3,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] one retrospective study and two longitudinal studies were included. [20][21][22] The included studies were published between 1999 and 2021, with 35.7% carried out in the Northeast regions, 3,14,15,17,21 7.1% in South [18] and 57.1% in Southeast Brazil. [10][11][12][13]16,19,20,22 Table 2 presents the main characteristics of the studies.…”

“…22,13 The time since diagnosis of T2DM ranged from six months to 16 years. 3,18 The mean age of the participants was 62.5 years old, ranging from 18 to 90 years old, and the mean proportion of women was 70.25% (Chart 2). The most frequent comorbidities reported by the studies were arterial hypertension (32.8%), dyslipidemia (20.8%), and retinopathy (17.9%) (Table 2).…”

“…1 T2DM is considered a global challenge to health systems and the economy because it affects individuals as well as their families and society due to the impacts on quality of life caused by disabilities, loss of productivity, and chronic complications arising from the disease. 2,3 The therapeutic approach in T2DM includes educational strategies focusing on lasting changes in lifestyle habits and may involve dietary planning, physical activity protocols, and incentives for the absence or cessation of smoking, in addition to the use of medications. However, it is widely recognized that T2DM treatment is complex and difficult for both patients and health professionals to perform, which often results in poor disease control.…”

Pemberdayaan Kader Kesehatan Pada Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Di Puskesmas Pancur Batu, Deli Serdang

“…Diabetes Mellitus (DM) dan komplikasinya merupakan penyebab utama kematian dini di beberapa negara, dengan lebih dari 4 juta kematian orang berusia 20 tahun hingga 79 tahun pada tahun 2019. Hal ini merupakan tantangan global yang penting karena mempengaruhi Kesehatan individu, keluarga, serta masyarakat, dan sistem kesehatan, karena dampaknya terhadap kualitas hidup orang karena menyebabkan kecacatan, menurunkan produktivitas, dan memicu komplikasi kronis akibat penyakit Diabetes Mellitus tipe 2 (Portela et al, 2022). Pengobatan Diabetes Mellitus melibatkan pemantauan gula darah kapiler secara berkala, melakukan aktivitas fisik secara teratur, menerapkan pola makan yang sehat, dan minum obat bila diperlukan.…”

Desafios da assistência de enfermagem em um centro de atenção psicossocial infantojuvenil: Um relato de experiência

“…O mesmo resultado foi obtido por um estudo realizado com 270 portadores de diabetes no Maranhão, fizeram parte da variável de forma positiva a adesão aos medicamentos e exame dos pés, enquanto, o controle glicêmico, atividade física e dieta tiveram menos adesão. A hipótese levantada para o não controle glicêmico seria em razão da falta de padronização a respeito da verificação da glicemia entre pacientes em uso de insulina e de antidiabéticos orais, já a mudança na dieta foi mais perceptível no público jovem que demonstra ser o público com maior receio em apresentar complicações e preocupado com o bem estar em saúde(PORTELA et al, 2022). Ainda,Nogueira, Tavares & Moura (2021), constataram que a consulta de enfermagem no contexto da estratégia saúde da família apresenta benefícios diretos ao paciente, gerando confiança profissional-paciente e promovendo a ampliação do autocuidado.…”