Diabetes as a risk factor for the onset of frozen shoulder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

ObjectiveSummarise longitudinal observational studies to determine whether diabetes (types 1 and 2) is a risk factor for frozen shoulder.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Embase, AMED, PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL, Epistemonikos, Trip, PEDro, OpenGrey and The Grey Literature Report were searched on January 2019 and updated in June 2021. Reference screening and emailing professional contacts were also used.Eligibility criteriaLongitudinal observational studies that estimated the association between diabetes and developing frozen shoulder.Data extraction and synthesisData extraction was completed by one reviewer and independently checked by another using a predefined extraction sheet. Risk of bias was judged using the Quality In Prognosis Studies tool. For studies providing sufficient data, random-effects meta-analysis was used to derive summary estimates of the association between diabetes and the onset of frozen shoulder.ResultsA meta-analysis of six case–control studies including 5388 people estimated the odds of developing frozen shoulder for people with diabetes to be 3.69 (95% CI 2.99 to 4.56) times the odds for people without diabetes. Two cohort studies were identified, both suggesting diabetes was associated with frozen shoulder, with HRs of 1.32 (95% CI 1.22 to 1.42) and 1.67 (95% CI 1.46 to 1.91). Risk of bias was judged as high in seven studies and moderate in one study.ConclusionPeople with diabetes are more likely to develop frozen shoulder. Risk of unmeasured confounding was the main limitation of this systematic review. High-quality studies are needed to confirm the strength of, and understand reasons for, the association.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019122963.

Risk factors of limited joint mobility in type 1 diabetic adolescents: a two-center experience in Iraq

“…This mechanism could cause the development of LJM. [18][19][20][21] In this study, LJM was positive in 24% of DM patients (Table 1), higher than the results reported by Clarke et al 22 (7%) and Traisman et al 23 (8.4%). However, this percentage is lower than Arkkila et al 24 This study showed a significant association between LJM and the long duration of DM, as shown in Table 2.…”

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“…Diabetes refers to a group of chronic diseases distinguished by hyperglycemia ( 143 ). The two prevalent types of diabetes are T1D and type 2 diabetes ( 143 ).…”

“…Diabetes refers to a group of chronic diseases distinguished by hyperglycemia ( 143 ). The two prevalent types of diabetes are T1D and type 2 diabetes ( 143 ). The International Diabetes Federation estimates that 1 in 10 adults currently suffers from diabetes, corresponding to 537 million people worldwide.…”

Comparative effectiveness of low-level laser therapy versus muscle energy technique among diabetic patients with frozen shoulder: a study protocol for a parallel group randomised controlled trial

“…Frozen shoulder is one of the common painful and disabling fibro-proliferative disorders characterized by a gradual onset of pain and limitation of glenohumeral range of motion (ROM) that can restrict activities of daily living without any radiological evidence [ 15 , 16 ]. The odds of developing frozen shoulder for patients with DM was 3.7 times the odds for those without DM [ 17 ] and the overall prevalence of frozen shoulder among diabetics was estimated at around 13.4% (95% CI 10.2–17.2%) [ 18 ]. The impact of living with diabetic frozen shoulder is multifactorial including clinical factors such as severe pain, impaired mobility, and disability [ 19 , 20 ] and psychosocial factors such as anxiety, depression, sleep deprivation, and altered domains of QoL [ 19 , 21 , 22 ].…”