DHA supplementation and pregnancy outcomes

Carlson, Susan E.; Colombo, John; Gajewski, Byron; Gustafson, Kathleen M.; Mundy, David; Yeast, John D.; Georgieff, Michael; Markley, Lisa A; Kerling, Elizabeth H.; Shaddy, D. Jill

doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.050021

Cited by 272 publications

(269 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…However, because the fetal liver is not capable of making sufficient DHA (6,56) and because DHA is critical for cells of the central nervous system for forming membrane phospholipids required for neurogenesis and synaptogenesis (8,(57)(58)(59), a maternal deficit could have significant consequences for the fetus and offspring. In addition, maternal DHA supplementation has been associated with improved fetal growth (60).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Magnesium Deficiency in Mice Leads to Maternal Metabolic Dysfunction and Altered Lipid Metabolism with Fetal Growth Restriction

Gupta

Solanki

Chatterjee

et al. 2014

Mol Med

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Magnesium Deficiency in Mice Leads to Maternal Metabolic Dysfunction and Altered Lipid Metabolism with Fetal Growth Restriction

Gupta

Solanki

Chatterjee

et al. 2014

Mol Med

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“…Briefly, hydrophobic extracts of plasma and breast tissue were separated into PLs and TAGs by solid-phase chromatography (37). After transmethylation with boron trifluoride-methanol, fatty acid methyl esters were isolated and analyzed by gas chromatography using a Varian 3900 (Agilent Technologies) with helium as the carrier gas and reported as weight percent of total fatty acids as previously described (38).…”

Section: Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids in Blood and Breast Tissue of High-Risk Women and Association with Atypical Cytomorphology

Hidaka

Harvey

et al. 2015

Cancer Prevention Research

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The ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids, especially the longchain eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) þ docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to arachidonic acid (AA) ratio, is inversely associated with breast cancer risk. We measured the association between cytologic atypia, a biomarker for short-term risk of breast cancer development, and omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intake and levels in blood and breast tissue. Blood and benign breast tissue, sampled by random periareolar fine-needle aspiration (RPFNA), was obtained from 70 women at elevated risk for breast cancer. Self-reported dietary intake was assessed by the NCI's Food Frequency Questionnaire. The fatty acid composition of five lipid compartments, red blood cell, plasma and breast phospholipids, and plasma and breast triaclyglycerides (TAG), was analyzed by gas chromatography as weight percent. Median daily intakes of EPAþDHA and total omega-3 fatty acids were 80 mg and 1.1 g, respectively. The median total omega-3:6 intake ratio was 1:10. Compared with women without atypia, those with cytologic atypia had lower total omega-3 fatty acids in red blood cell and plasma phospholipids and lower omega-3:6 ratios in plasma TAGs and breast TAGs (P < 0.05). The EPAþDHA:AA ratio in plasma TAGs was also lower among women with atypia. This is the first report of associations between tissue levels of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and a reversible tissue biomarker of breast cancer risk. RPFNA cytomorphology could serve as a surrogate endpoint for breast cancer prevention trials of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation. Cancer Prev Res; 8(5); 359-64. Ó2015 AACR.

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“…In a double blind RCT including 350 women receiving either 600mg/d DHA or placebo, the authors found that supplementation during the last half of gestation resulted in overall greater gestation duration and infant size [8].…”

Section: Dha and Fetal Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the need for DHA is increased during the third trimester, a daily supplementation could be recommended [7]. Many studies have reported the benefits of an adequate DHA status during pregnancy and lactation [8,9]. The clinical importance of such effects on infant health has not been fully elucidated and is controversial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal and fetal benefits of DHA supplementation during pregnancy

Hubinont¹,

Savoye²

2017

J Pregnancy Reprod

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During pregnancy, the benefits of long-chain n-3 fatty acids, mainly DHA supplementation has been reported with controversial results. The aim of this review paper is to clarify the role of DHA on maternal and fetal outcomes and to discuss supplementation.Low maternal concentrations of DHA are associated with an increased incidence of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, postpartum depression, preterm labour and intrauterine fetal growth restriction (IUGR).The effect of a preventive supplementation on these complications is not clearly demonstrated . Some authors report an improved outcome but recent Cochrane database systematic reviews and meta-analysis are not conclusive.DHA supplementation reduces significantly the effects of prenatal stress and the perinatal mortality rate. In patients with previous history of preterm birth, supplementation is also controversial.In conclusion, even if the DHA requirements are increased in pregnancy and if positive correlations are reported between low maternal concentrations and an adverse pregnancy outcome, there are conflicting results on the efficacy of a DHA supplementation. Further studies using different DHA regimens of administration are needed. In the meantime, as it is a safe supplementation with few side effects, DHA should be prescribed in patients with a low dietary intake and risks factors.

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DHA supplementation and pregnancy outcomes

Cited by 272 publications

References 20 publications

Maternal Magnesium Deficiency in Mice Leads to Maternal Metabolic Dysfunction and Altered Lipid Metabolism with Fetal Growth Restriction

Maternal Magnesium Deficiency in Mice Leads to Maternal Metabolic Dysfunction and Altered Lipid Metabolism with Fetal Growth Restriction

Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids in Blood and Breast Tissue of High-Risk Women and Association with Atypical Cytomorphology

Maternal and fetal benefits of DHA supplementation during pregnancy

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