Dexamethasone in osteogenic medium strongly induces adipocyte differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells and increases osteoblast differentiation

Abstract

BackgroundOsteoblasts and adipocytes share a common mesenchymal stem cell origin. Therefore, it has been suggested that the accumulation of marrow adipocytes observed in bone loss is caused by a shift in the commitment of mesenchymal stem cells from the osteogenic pathway to the adipogenic pathway. Supporting this hypothesis the competition between adipogenic and osteogenic lineages was widely demonstrated on partially homogeneous cell populations. However, some data from mouse models showed the existence of an independent relationship between bone mineral content and bone marrow adiposity. Therefore, the combination of adipogenesis and osteogenesis in primary culture would be helpful to determine if this competition would be observed on a whole bone marrow stromal cell population in a culture medium allowing both lineages.In this aim, mouse bone marrow stromal cells were cultured in a standard osteogenic medium added with different concentrations of Dexamethasone, known to be an important regulator of mesenchymal progenitor cell differentiation.ResultsGene expression of osteoblast and adipocyte markers, biochemical and physical analyses demonstrated the presence of both cell types when Dexamethasone was used at 100 nM. Overall, our data showed that in this co-differentiation medium both differentiation lineages were enhanced compared to classical adipogenic or osteogenic culture medium. This suggests that in this model, adipocyte phenotype does not seem to increase at the expense of the osteoblast lineage.ConclusionThis model appears to be a promising tool to study osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation capabilities and the interactions between these two processes.

Osteogenic potential of adipogenic predifferentiated human bone marrow‐derived multipotent stromal cells for bone tissue‐engineering

“…The gene expression of adipogenic‐related genes was higher in the sAD+ cells than in sOS+ cells, with the exception of the expression of LEP , which was downregulated in the sAD+ compared with sOS+ cells. This latter result may be explained as the effect of dexamethasone (present in both adipogenic and osteogenic medium used in the present study) that was shown to upregulate LEP (Ghali et al, ). Interestingly, sAD+ expressed the osteogenic‐related genes at the same ( RUNX2 , ALP , and bGLAP ) level as or higher ( IBSP ) than the sOS+ cells (Figure e).…”

Regulation of acetylcholine receptors during differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells harvested from human reaming debris

“…Aromatase is involved in the estrogen biosynthesis from C19 steroids that is regulated by vitamin D, testosterone, phytoestrogens as well as dexamethasone [33]. Dexamethasone was used as one component in our osteogenic and, to a higher concentration, in our adipogenic differentiation medium similar to other differentiation studies [15,16,34]. However, to date it is not known if addition of dexamethasone influences the expression of nAChR.…”

Downregulated SOX9 mediated by miR‑206 promoted cell apoptosis in Legg-Calv�-Perthes disease

“…DEX was an anti-inflammatory drug, and was widely used in various serious disease (18). Study has reported that DEX could inhibit osteoblast differentiation (19,20). In this study, we aims to evaluate whether DEX supplementation could induce the similar effects in normal chondrocytes as LCPD chondrocytes.…”