Developments in suppressor technology for inorganic ion analysis by ion chromatography using conductivity detection

Haddad, Paul R.; Jackson, Paul; Shaw, Matthew J.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(02)01999-4

Cited by 66 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Those more interested in the early development of the area can find more detailed outlines written from two different angles in papers of Fritz [7] and Evans [8] while Haddad et al focused on the development of the suppressor technology [9] and more recently on the recent development and emerging directions in ion chromatography [10].…”

Section: Review Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion Chromatographic Analyses of Sea Waters, Brines and Related Samples

Gros

2013

Water

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This review focuses on the ion chromatographic methods for the analyses of natural waters with high ionic strength. At the beginning a natural diversity in ionic composition of waters is highlighted and terminology clarified. In continuation a brief overview of other review articles of potential interest is given. A review of ion chromatographic methods is organized in four sections. The first section comprises articles focused on the determination of ionic composition of water samples as completely as possible. The sections-Selected Anions, Selected Cations and Metals-follow. The most essential experimental conditions used in different methods are summarized in tables for a rapid comparison. Techniques encountered in the reviewed articles comprise: direct determinations of ions in untreated samples with ion-or ion-exclusion chromatography, or electrostatic ion chromatography; matrix elimination with column-switching; pre-concentration with a chelation ion chromatography and purge-and-trap pre-concentration. Different detection methods were used: non-suppressed conductometric or suppressed conductometric, direct spectrometric or spectrometric after a post-column derivetization, and inductively coupled plasma in combination with optical emission or mass spectrometry.Keywords: ion chromatography; sea water; brine; mineral water; anions; cations; metals Natural Diversity of WatersWe restrict the scope of this review and choose to focus on natural waters with high ionic strength in which concentrations of ions extend over several orders of magnitude and therefore these waters present a special challenge for ion chromatographic (IC) analysis, especially if major and minor ions OPEN ACCESS

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Section: Review Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion Chromatographic Analyses of Sea Waters, Brines and Related Samples

Gros

2013

Water

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“…In IC, the use of a suppressor to lower the background conductivity prior to detection leads to an improvement of detection limit of typically one order of magnitude. Suppressors are based on ion exchange and improve the detection limits and signal-tonoise ratio in conductivity detection in two ways: (i) a decrease in the background conductivity to reduce the noise, and (ii) an increase of the conductance of the sample to decrease the detection limit [57]. The replacement of sodium ions by hydrogen ions to improve the detection of Cl 2 in a background of sodium carbonate using a cation exchanger in the H 1 form is illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Contact Conductivity Detection In Capillariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suppressed conductivity detection is the most frequently used detection method in IC. For more information on suppressor technology in IC, the reader is referred to Haddad's review [57].…”

Section: Contact Conductivity Detection In Capillariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conductivity detection for conventional and miniaturised capillary electrophoresis systems

Guijt¹,

Evenhuis²,

Macka³

et al. 2004

Electrophoresis

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126

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Since the introduction of capillary electrophoresis (CE), conductivity detection has been an attractive means of detection. No additional chemical properties are required for detection, and no loss in sensitivity is expected when miniaturising the detector to scale with narrow-bore capillaries or even to the microchip format. Integration of conductivity and CE, however, involves a challenging combination of engineering issues. In conductivity detection the resistance of the solution is most frequently measured in an alternating current (AC) circuit. The influence of capacitors both in series and in parallel with the solution resistance should be minimised during conductivity measurements. For contact conductivity measurements, the positioning and alignment of the detection electrodes is crucial. A contact conductivity detector for CE has been commercially available, but was withdrawn from the market. Microfabrication technology enables integration and precise alignment of electrodes, resulting in the popularity of conductivity detection in microfluidic devices. In contactless conductivity detection, the alignment of the electrodes with respect to the capillary is less crucial. Contactless conductivity detection (CCD) was introduced in capillary CE, and similar electronics have been applied for CCD using planar electrodes in microfluidic devices. A contactless conductivity detector for capillaries has been commercialised recently. In this review, different approaches towards conductivity detection in capillaries and chip-based CE are discussed. In contrast to previous reviews, the focus of the present review is on the technological developments and challenges in conductivity detection in CE.

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“…Nowadays, IC is being widely used for the analysis of ionic species in pharmaceuticals, detergents, fertilizers, pesticides, soil, plants, drinking water, wastewater etc. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Methanol in the Wash-Solvent Bottle and the OnGuard Cartridges on the Determination of Different Anions Using Ion Chromatography

Manassra¹,

Khamis²,

Obeidi³

et al. 2012

AJAC

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The effect of using methanol in the flush-solvent bottle of the auto-sampler of Ion Chromatograph on the determination of sulfate ions was studied using AS11-HC 2 mm analytical column. The use of 50% methanol in the flush solvent bottle results in overestimation of sulfate concentration by 18%. However, the use of 10% methanol instead of 50% did not show such error in the determination of sulfate using the same column. Furthermore, the effect of using OnGuard-RP and OnGuard-P cartridges for sample pretreatment on the determination of different anions was also studies using AS14-HC 2 mm analytical column. The results indicate that using OnGuard-RP cartridge caused the concentration of fluoride, bromide, nitrate, phosphate and sulfate ions to be underestimated, whereas the concentration of chloride ions to be overestimated. The error in the determination of fluoride, bromide, nitrate, phosphate sulfate, and chloride was found to be 40.0%, 26.0%, 22.8%, 26.8%, 18.0%, and 25.0% of the certified standard concentration, respectively. It was also found that the use of OnGuard-P cartridge resulted in underestimation of fluoride, chloride, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate by 60.0%, 40.0%, 82.0%, 87.2%, 45.2%, and 39.0% of the certified standard concentration, respectively. These findings point out to careful corrections that should be considered in any application of ion chromatography utilizing such sample pretreatment.

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Developments in suppressor technology for inorganic ion analysis by ion chromatography using conductivity detection

Cited by 66 publications

References 39 publications

Ion Chromatographic Analyses of Sea Waters, Brines and Related Samples

Ion Chromatographic Analyses of Sea Waters, Brines and Related Samples

Conductivity detection for conventional and miniaturised capillary electrophoresis systems

Effect of Methanol in the Wash-Solvent Bottle and the OnGuard Cartridges on the Determination of Different Anions Using Ion Chromatography

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