Developmental Defects of Enamel

Novel trends, challenges and new perspectives for enamel repair and regeneration to treat dental defects

“…19,35,36 The disruption in the secretory phase may impact the quantity of the enamel, whereas any changes in the maturation phase can influence its mineralization quality. 37 There exist three main types of enamel defects…”

“…19,35,36 The disruption in the secretory phase may impact the quantity of the enamel, whereas any changes in the maturation phase can influence its mineralization quality. 37 There exist three main types of enamel defects which include: hypoplasia, hypo-calcification and hypo-maturation. Hypoplastic defects arise from the insufficient or the defective formation of the enamel organic matrix and the crystallite elongation influencing the thickness and the smoothness of the enamel.…”

“…42 Hypomaturated defects occurs owing to the imperfect elimination of the organic matrix during the maturation step which affects the crystallites’ growth and render the enamel brittle. 37,42 Although the hypomaturated enamel is normal in size, it is inadequately mineralized, mottled and rough and thus very susceptible to chip away from the dentin. 42,43 Complex restorative systems using a combination of tissue engineering and materials science can provide new cures for genetically dysplastic dental enamel.…”