Developmental changes in the phenol concentrations of 'Golden delicious' apple fruits and leaves

Mayr, Ulrich; Treutter, D.; Santos‐Buelga, Celestino; Bauer, H.; Feucht, W.

doi:10.1016/0031-9422(94)00760-q

Cited by 146 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Colaric et al (2006Colaric et al ( , 2007 reported that the highest rutin content in pear leaves among samplings was recorded in July. During leaf maturation, the concentrations of quercetin-3-galactoside declined, whereas those of quercetin-3-rutinoside and quercetin-3-glucoside remained constant (Mayr et al 1995). In our study, the level of rutin, which also contained quercetin-3-galactoside and quercetin-3-glucoside, remained more or less constant during the 2005 growing season [similar to results of Mayr et al (1995)], whereas, in 2006, the level increased.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Seasonal changes in phenolic compounds in the leaves of scab-resistant and susceptible apple cultivars

Mikulič-Petkovšek¹,

Štampar²,

Veberič³

2009

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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in phenolic compounds in the leaves of scab-resistant and susceptible apple cultivars. Can. J. Plant Sci. 89: 745Á753. Leaf samples were collected from apple varieties susceptible and resistant to apple scab [Venturia inaequalis (Cke.) Wint.] from June to September for 2 yr between 2005 and 2006. These were analyzed for phenolic compounds, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the apple leaves, the following hydroxycinnamic acids were detected: chlorogenic, caffeic and p-coumaric acids; the following dihydrochalcone: phloridzin, and the following flavonoids: epicatechin, catechin, rutin and quercitrin. The total of phenolic compounds in apple leaves was determined spectrophotometrically, using the FolinCiocalteu method. During the growing season, the content of phenolic compounds changed and was related to the physiological stage of the tissue and cultivar used. Each phenolic compound had its own curve of seasonal changes in concentration. In 2005 there was no significant change in total phenols during the growing season. In 2006, their content changed significantly during the growing season; statistically the highest content of total phenols was found in the leaves in August. Total phenols as well as single phenolics were statistically higher in resistant than in susceptible apple varieties for both years.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Seasonal changes in phenolic compounds in the leaves of scab-resistant and susceptible apple cultivars

Mikulič-Petkovšek¹,

Štampar²,

Veberič³

2009

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…It can be seen from Fig. 6 that the contents were higher in the earlier phase of fruit development, which had also been previously reported by many authors (Akiyama et al, 2005;Mayr et al, 1995;Mikulic-Petkovsek et al, 2010). A rapid decrease in total phenolic content during June drop has been previously reported (Jakopic et al, 2016).…”

Section: Daily Dynamic Of Total Phenolic Contentsupporting

confidence: 87%

Daily Dynamics of Sugar and Phenol Contents in Apple Fruitlets during June Drop

Jakopič

Štampar

Veberič

2018

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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The occurrence of the abscission signal in young developing fruits on apple trees (Malus domestica) was studied. Apple has a natural system of fruitlet shedding, so called June drop. Although physiological fruit drop is unable to guarantee production of marketable apples and avoid alternate bearing, knowledge of this is a key background for successful fruit thinning. A study was carried out on apple trees cv. 'Golden Delicious' during June drop. On three dates (beginning, middle and end of June drop), the daily dynamics of HPLC detected individual sugar and spectrophotometrically detected total phenolic content was investigated in central (K) and lateral (L) fruitlets. The results of daily dynamics showed the highest sugar contents at 2 p.m. On the final sampling date, on 2 nd July 2015, we observed a significant difference between sugar contents at 2 p.m. and the morning and afternoon measurements. Contents of sugars in K and L fruitlets were not significantly different. Total phenolic content at the beginning of June drop was higher than at the end. There was no statistically significant difference between K and L in an individual time period, while there were statistically significant differences in total phenolic content among the sampling dates. Although sugar and phenolic content in K and L fruitlets were rarely statistically different, their contents changed during June drop. In general, sugar contents increased and phenolic content decreased during the process, while the daily dynamic depended on weather conditions.

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“…Apples are consumed for their taste, nutritional value, and high content of health-protective constituents, such as polyphenols. The major polyphenol classes are flavanols (catechins and proanthocyanidins), flavonols, dihydrochalcones, hydroxycinnamates, and in red apples anthocyanins (Mayr et al, 1995;Lee et al, 2003;Tsao et al, 2003;Wolfe et al, 2003;Chinnici et al, 2004;Vrhovsek et al, 2004;Mc Ghie et al, 2005). The concentrations of the majority of these constituents are much higher in the apple peel than in the flesh.…”

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confidence: 99%

Differential Expression of Biphenyl Synthase Gene Family Members in Fire-Blight-Infected Apple ‘Holsteiner Cox’

Chizzali

Gaid²,

Belkheir³

et al. 2011

Plant Physiol.

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Fire blight, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is a devastating disease of apple (Malus 3 domestica). The phytoalexins of apple are biphenyls and dibenzofurans, whose carbon skeleton is formed by biphenyl synthase (BIS), a type III polyketide synthase. In the recently published genome sequence of apple 'Golden Delicious', nine BIS genes and four BIS gene fragments were detected. The nine genes fall into four subfamilies, referred to as MdBIS1 to MdBIS4. In a phylogenetic tree, the BIS amino acid sequences from apple and Sorbus aucuparia formed an individual cluster within the clade of the functionally diverse type III polyketide synthases. cDNAs encoding MdBIS1 to MdBIS4 were cloned from fire-blight-infected shoots of apple 'Holsteiner Cox,' heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, and functionally analyzed. Benzoyl-coenzyme A and salicoylcoenzyme A were the preferred starter substrates. In response to inoculation with E. amylovora, the BIS3 gene was expressed in stems of cv Holsteiner Cox, with highest transcript levels in the transition zone between necrotic and healthy tissues. The transition zone was the accumulation site of biphenyl and dibenzofuran phytoalexins. Leaves contained transcripts for BIS2 but failed to form immunodetectable amounts of BIS protein. In cell cultures of apple 'Cox Orange,' expression of the BIS1 to BIS3 genes was observed after the addition of an autoclaved E. amylovora suspension. Using immunofluorescence localization under a confocal laser-scanning microscope, the BIS3 protein in the transition zone of stems was detected in the parenchyma of the bark. Dot-shaped immunofluorescence was confined to the junctions between neighboring cortical parenchyma cells.

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Developmental changes in the phenol concentrations of 'Golden delicious' apple fruits and leaves

Cited by 146 publications

References 10 publications

Seasonal changes in phenolic compounds in the leaves of scab-resistant and susceptible apple cultivars

Seasonal changes in phenolic compounds in the leaves of scab-resistant and susceptible apple cultivars

Daily Dynamics of Sugar and Phenol Contents in Apple Fruitlets during June Drop

Differential Expression of Biphenyl Synthase Gene Family Members in Fire-Blight-Infected Apple ‘Holsteiner Cox’

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