Development of Variant of Software Architecture Implementation for Low-Power General Purpose Microcontrollers by Finite State Machines

Abstract

As a result of the research, two directions for development of software architecture for low-power general purpose microcontrollers (LPGPM) are identified. The first, classical approach is the development using standard State patterns. The second is the development of programs, algorithms and structures based on mathematical analysis. The first direction is chosen in the work. The variant of the implementation of a typical pattern for development of software architecture (SA) in the form of a finite state machine (FSM) is proposed to discussion. This pattern allows to divide the development of the architectural part of the program for LPGPM and programming the LPGPM hardware. This approach makes it possible to divide the work of the software architect and the work of LPGPM hardware specialists. Advantage of the solution in comparison with the real time operating system (RTOS) is the saving of LPGPM hardware resources. In addition, it improves the readability of code and good testing prospects. The resulting architecture makes it possible to easily accompany the software and switch to other types of microcontroller. The disadvantage is an increase in the required amount of RAM with an increase in the number of states. It is this disadvantage that requires the application not only of experimental and engineering-intuitive methods, but also to continue research in the second direction.

Software and hardware infrastructure of a terrestrial autonomous platform with the elements of artificial intelligence.

“…Даний аналіз підтверджує, що основою контролера програмно-апаратної інфраструктури наземної автономної платформи з елементами штучного інтелекту може бути плата Raspberry Pi 4 або її аналоги [1,[8][9] Розглянемо деякі аналоги, в основі яких лежать мікропроцесори. У статті [12] розглянуто 8-бітний мікропроцесор STM8S903F3. Він підходить для управління сервоприводами і двигуном.…”

Development of typical "state" software patterns for Cortex­M microcontrollers in real time

“…A study of the software implementation of the State pattern in OOP for low-power microcontrollers in a generalized form was conducted in [11]. At the same time, the problem of universalization of the received solutions for a wide range of MCs was not solved.…”

“…The State patterns designs and their software implementation were developed in [16]. In this case, the solutions are given in the OOP version, which entails the shortcomings specified for [11]. A solution to this problem is to develop a universal State pattern for a wide range of MCs.…”

“…A variant of solving the tasks related to the software of the ASC prototype, outlined in [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], concerning the issues of increasing the software speed, unification, maintenance, and mathematical modeling, is the development of typical software State templates (patterns) for the Cortex-M architecture MCs. These patterns can be implemented in the Polled Loop System variant or through the microcontroller Interrupt Driven system.…”