Development of the Brunel Balance Assessment: a new measure of balance disability post stroke

Tyson, Sarah; DeSouza, Lorraine H

doi:10.1191/0269215504cr744oa

Cited by 77 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…They are easy and quick to use, cheap, relevant to clinical practice, 9,10 portable and suitable for a wide range of abilities. They are therefore recommended for research or clinical use.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliability and validity of functional balance tests post stroke

2004

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This hierarchy forms the basis of the Brunel Balance Assessment, the development of which has been published previously. 9,10 The tests are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability and validity of functional balance tests post stroke

2004

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“…Other clinical tests that are used as outcome measures in the reviewed exergame studies include the Brunel balance assessment (BBA) [53], Anterior reach tests (ART) [54], Timed stair test (TST) [55], Stepping test (ST) [56], 1 minute walking test (1MWT) [57], 10 meter walking test (10MWT) [58], 30 seconds sit-to-stand test (30SST) [59], Community Balance and Mobility Scale (CB&M) [60], Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) [61], figure of eight-test [62], the tandem stance and one-leg stance [29,33,38,63]. All these tests are suggested to provide information about postural control during different standing and walking tasks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exergaming for balance training of elderly: state of the art and future developments

Diest

Lamoth

Stegenga³

et al. 2013

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

220

127

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Fall injuries are responsible for physical dysfunction, significant disability, and loss of independence among elderly. Poor postural control is one of the major risk factors for falling but can be trained in fall prevention programs. These however suffer from low therapy adherence, particularly if prevention is the goal. To provide a fun and motivating training environment for elderly, exercise games, or exergames, have been studied as balance training tools in the past years. The present paper reviews the effects of exergame training programs on postural control of elderly reported so far. Additionally we aim to provide an in-depth discussion of technologies and outcome measures utilized in exergame studies. Thirteen papers were included in the analysis. Most of the reviewed studies reported positive results with respect to improvements in balance ability after a training period, yet few reached significant levels. Outcome measures for quantification of postural control are under continuous dispute and no gold standard is present. Clinical measures used in the studies reviewed are well validated yet only give a global indication of balance ability. Instrumented measures were unable to detect small changes in balance ability as they are mainly based on calculating summary statistics, thereby ignoring the time-varying structure of the signals. Both methods only allow for measuring balance after the exergame intervention program. Current developments in sensor technology allow for accurate registration of movements and rapid analysis of signals. We propose to quantify the time-varying structure of postural control during gameplay using low-cost sensor systems. Continuous monitoring of balance ability leaves the user unaware of the measurements and allows for generating user-specific exergame training programs and feedback, both during one game and in timeframes of weeks or months. This approach is unique and unlocks the as of yet untapped potential of exergames as balance training tools for community dwelling elderly.

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“…[8][9][10] Its universality is such that some authors use it as the gold standard for balance in criterion validity studies. 11,12 Consequently, clinicians have applied the BBS for different patients with a wide variety of conditions for which it has not been validated, such as SCI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standing balance assessment in ASIA D paraplegic and tetraplegic participants: concurrent validity of the Berg Balance Scale

2009

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Study designs: Longitudinal and correlational study with repeated measures. Objectives: The aim of this study was to test the concurrent validity of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) for a spinal cord injury (SCI) population. Participants: A total of 32 individuals with an ASIA D SCI walking 10 m independently, with or without walking assistive devices. Setting: An intensive rehabilitation center in Montréal, Canada. Methods: Subjects were evaluated on the BBS, the Walking Index for Spinal Cord Injury (WISCI II), the Spinal Cord Injury Functional Ambulation Inventory (SCI-FAI), the 10-m walk test (10MWT) and the Timed Up and Go (TUG). Individuals were reassessed during rehabilitation when progressing to a device providing less support or to unassisted gait. Results: All walking tests were highly correlated with the BBS (0.714oRso0.816, Pp0.01). A significant ceiling effect was found on the BBS, the WISCI and on most subsections of the SCI-FAI. Assistive devices used for walking relate well to the BBS score (Spearman's r 0.714, Po0.01). Conclusion: The BBS is an appropriate assessment of standing balance for individuals with SCI. Complementary evaluation with the 10MWT or the 2MWT is recommended to supplement the ceiling effect on the BBS.

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Development of the Brunel Balance Assessment: a new measure of balance disability post stroke

Abstract: The BBA is a reliable, valid, hierarchical measure of balance disability post stroke that is suitable for use in the clinical setting.

Cited by 77 publications

References 12 publications

Reliability and validity of functional balance tests post stroke

Reliability and validity of functional balance tests post stroke

Exergaming for balance training of elderly: state of the art and future developments

Standing balance assessment in ASIA D paraplegic and tetraplegic participants: concurrent validity of the Berg Balance Scale

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