Development of Proportional–Integral–Derivative and Fuzzy Control Strategies for Navigation in Agricultural Environments

Abstract

Farming and agriculture is an area that may benefit from improved use of automation in order to increase working hours and improve food quality and safety. In this paper, a commercial robot was purchased and modified, and crop row navigational software was developed to allow the ground-based robot to autonomously navigate a crop row setting. A proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller and a fuzzy logic controller were developed to compare the efficacy of each controller based on which controller navigated the crop row more reliably. Results of the testing indicate that both controllers perform well, with some differences depending on the scenario.

A Comprehensive Overview of Control Algorithms, Sensors, Actuators, and Communication Tools of Autonomous All-Terrain Vehicles in Agriculture

“…Based on the constructed kinematic bicycle model of a tractor and implement, a fuzzy logic-based controller was proposed to automatically steer an implement using hydraulic cylinder actuators to cover crop fields [76]. To navigate in agricultural environments, Bonadies and others [77] applied PID and fuzzy controllers to an unmanned ground vehicle. Agricultural produce and ground are differentiated from an image obtained from the camera.…”

Intelligent fish farm—the future of aquaculture

“…The patrol equipment can realize the daily underwater management, video information collection, behavior monitoring of breeding objects and ecological environment monitoring of aquaculture. The flight attitude control module can complete the hovering, vertical motion, rotation, and pitch of UAV by using PID and fuzzy control algorithm (Bonadies et al 2018 ). Using GNSS, machine vision and 5G, the automatic navigation system can determine the speed, course, height, position and distance of the patrol UAV, and realize the operation path planning and intelligent obstacle avoidance, so as to ensure the high precision positioning and navigation of the patrol UAV in the complex environment of intelligent fish farm.…”

Development of a Mechatronic System for Plant Recognition and Intra-row Weeding With Machine Vision

“…These systems have been used for a variety of purposes including: soil sampling, irrigation management, precision spraying, mechanical weeding, and crop harvesting (Taylor, Charlton, & Yúnez-Naude, 2012;Billingsley, Visala, & Dunn, 2008;Vidoni, Bietresato, Gasparetto, & Mazzetto, 2015). While research into unmanned systems in agriculture has been conducted over the last three decades, commercial products have been slowly adopted by farmers (Bonadies et al, 2017). However, due to recent epidemiological crises around the global, the use of autonomous systems for agriculture is expected to grow rapidly in the next few years as labor shortages are expected.…”