Development of new VNTR markers for pike and assessment of variability at di‐ and tetranucleotide repeat microsatellite loci

Abstract

Levels of variation at six VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) loci, one minisatellite and five microsatellite loci, isolated from tri-and tetranucleotide enriched DNA libraries for northern pike were generally low in two Danish populations (1-4 alleles; expected heterozygosity 0-0·57), though one highly variable microsatellite (13 alleles; expected heterozygosity 0·79) was identified. In combination with previously published microsatellites a set consisting of nine polymorphic loci appeared to be useful for discriminating populations, as determined by assignment tests. 1999 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles

Microsatellite polymorphism in Italian populations of northern pike (Esox lucius L.)

“…(1) northern pike is one of the biggest freshwater ecosystems predators of the holoartic zone; (2) it is a relevant resource for recreational and commercial fisheries; (3) the decline observed in some European populations (Kovàcs et al, 2001;Lorenzoni et al, 2002); (4) the low level of genetic polymorphism detected using different molecular approaches (Healy and Mulcay, 1980;Seeb et al, 1987;Brzuzan et al, 1998;Hansen et al, 1999;Nicod et al, 2004;Laikre et al, 2005); (5) the low ratio between effective population size and census population size (Miller and Kapuscinski, 1997). All these aspects require controlled conservation programmes, a management strategy and sustainability based on the knowledge of genetic differentiation of natural pike populations.…”

“…To date, genetic studies on pike populations have been carried out through polymorphism analyses at allozyme loci (Healy and Mulcay, 1980;Seeb et al, 1987), VNTR markers (Hansen et al, 1999) and mitochondrial DNA (Brzuzan et al, 1998;Maes et al, 2003;Nicod et al, 2004). Recently microsatellite loci were identified for pike, allowing the assessment of genetic variations within the same hydrographic system and between different ones Kapuscinski, 1996, 1997;Hansen et al, 1999;Senanan and Kapuscinski, 2000;Laikre et al, 2005;Jacobsen et al, 2005;Aguilar et al, 2005), and they seemed able to detect a higher variation as compared to other techniques (Laikre et al, 2005). Nevertheless, microsatellites also pointed out very low values of genetic polymorphism for this species (Laikre et al, 2005).…”

Circumpolar phylogeography of the northern pike (Esox lucius) and its relationship to the Amur pike (E. reichertii)

“…This is contrary to what has been suggested earlier [11]. Further, studies indicate that North American northern pike populations have less genetic diversity and structure than the European populations [8,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Lack of genetic diversity and structure are signs often associated with recently colonized regions, while more variability and genetic structuring are seen in populations that have been existing for longer periods of time [20].…”

Temporally stable, weak genetic structuring in brackish water northern pike (Esox lucius) in the Baltic Sea indicates a contrasting divergence pattern relative to freshwater populations

“…DNA was extracted using a silica-based purification method modified from Elphinstone et al (2003). All samples were genotyped for 11 microsatellite markers, 10 developed for northern pike and one for the closely related muskellunge (Esox masquinongy): Elu87, Elu51, Elu76, Elu19, Elu276, Elu64 (Miller and Kapuscinski 1996); EluBeINRA, EluB38INRA (Launey et al 2003); Elu10, Elu12 (Hansen et al 1999); and EmaD4 (Sloss et al 2008). Standard protocols and annealing temperatures between 58 and 60°C were used (exact protocols are available on 1 Supplementary data are available with the article through the journal Web site at http://nrcresearchpress.com/doi/suppl/10.1139/cjfas-2016-0039.…”