Development of Biodegradable Bio-Based Composite for Bone Tissue Engineering: Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Biocompatible Evaluation

Abstract

Several significant advancements in the field of bone regenerative medicine have been made in recent years. However, therapeutic options, such as bone grafts, have several drawbacks. There is a need to develop an adequate bone substitute. As a result, significant bone defects/injuries pose a severe challenge for orthopaedic and reconstructive bone tissue. We synthesized polymeric composite material from arabinoxylan (ARX), β-glucan (BG), nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp), graphene oxide (GO), acrylic acid (AAc) through free radical polymerization and porous scaffold fabricated using the freeze-drying technique. These fabricated porous scaffolds were then coated with chitosan solution to enhance their biological activities. The complex structure of BG, nHAp, GO was studied through various characterization and biological assays. The structural, morphological, wetting and mechanical analyses were determined using FT-IR, XRD, XPS, SEM/EXD, water contact angle and UTM. The swelling (aqueous and PBS media) and degradation (PBS media) observed their behavior in contact with body fluid. The biological activities were conducted against mouse pre-osteoblast cell lines. The result found that BGH3 has desirable morphological, structural with optimum swelling, degradation, and mechanical behavior. It was also found to be cytocompatible against MC3T3-E1 cell lines. The obtained results confirmed that the fabricated polymeric scaffolds would be a potential bone substitute to regenerate defective bone with different loading bearing applications for bone tissue engineering.

Multifunctional Bioactive Scaffolds from ARX-g-(Zn@rGO)-HAp for Bone Tissue Engineering: In Vitro Antibacterial, Antitumor, and Biocompatibility Evaluations

“…The multifunctional behavior of the bioactive scaffolds promotes fibronectin adsorption and integrin binding . The synergistic effect of Zn@rGO, nHAp, and the polymeric matrix increases the surface area to assist cell adhesion through the active site of bioactive scaffolds. , It can be seen that the increased Zn amount increased the cell clustering with proper cylindrical cell morphology as the time increased from 24 to 72 h. It was observed that AZG-1 has less cell clustering and AZG-4 has maximum cell clustering with proper cylindrical morphology. The increased Zn amount has shown slightly different extracellular properties with promoted multifunctional bioactive scaffold behavior.…”

“…The cell morphology can also change from elongated to spherical. 44,45 In addition, the increasing contact time of the bioactive scaffolds also causes antitumor/anticancer activities. 46 The results show that the bioactive scaffolds initially promoted cell viability and later their behavior changed to antitumor/anticancer activity.…”

pH-Responsive PVA/BC-f-GO Dressing Materials for Burn and Chronic Wound Healing with Curcumin Release Kinetics

“…These polymers and GO were also crosslinked due to hydrogen bonding (H–bonding) that presents the absence peak at 1759 cm −1 and broadband at 3600–3200 cm − 1 . The increased broadband valley is due to increased intra and inter-hydrogen bonding [ 21 ]. The characteristic peaks of BC are hydroxyl, COO − , and pyranose rings.…”

Multifunctional Arabinoxylan-functionalized-Graphene Oxide Based Composite Hydrogel for Skin Tissue Engineering

“…One of the most significant features of all biomaterials is surface wettability because it depicts the true structure and chemical surface properties. Many features of therapeutic drugs, such as biocompatibility, adhesion, lubricity, selective absorption, and controlled release, are determined by wetting ( Khan et al, 2021e ). Soft hydrogels, which are made primarily of water and a hydrophilic polymeric network, are naturally hydrophilic.…”