Development of an Encoding Method on a Co-Simulation Platform for Mitigating the Impact of Unreliable Communication

Xie, Fuhong; McEntee, Catie; Zhang, Mingzhi; Mather, Barry; Liu, Ning

doi:10.1109/tsg.2020.3039949

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…An overview of the various studies compared to this paper is presented in Table 2. In [26][27][28][29], co-simulations of power systems and communication networks are conducted for capacitor bank, on-load tap changer (OLTC), and distributed generation control over WiMAX and LTE [26], for demand response control via Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) [27], and voltage control via LTE [28] and ZigBee [29]. In [30][31][32][33][34][35][36], co-simulation has been used to study various communication technologies such as CR [30], wireless local area network (WLAN) [31], customer 916.5 MHz channel [32], WiMAX [33,36], wired [34,35], and LTE [36] for protection applications, which include overcurrent protection [30,34], fault detection [31], differential protection [32,33,35], adaptive protection [33], and disconnection of generation protection [36].…”

Section: Related Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [3, 26-39, 47, 48, 52, 53], commercial communication networks are not used, while in this paper commercial 5G network with a business subscription is employed. In [3,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50], 5G technology is not considered, but other wireless and wired technologies, including NB-IoT [27,41,42], LTE [26,28,36,45,46], ZigBee [29,44], CR [30], WLAN [31,43], customer 916.5 MHz channel [32], WiMAX [26,33,36], wired [3,34,35,48], LoRa [47], and WiFi [49,50]. In [26-29, 41-43, 47, 52, 53], protection applications are not used; instead, the application...…”

Section: Related Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [3,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50], 5G technology is not considered, but other wireless and wired technologies, including NB-IoT [27,41,42], LTE [26,28,36,45,46], ZigBee [29,44], CR [30], WLAN [31,43], customer 916.5 MHz channel [32], WiMAX [26,33,36], wired [3,34,35,48], LoRa [47], and WiFi [49,50]. In [26-29, 41-43, 47, 52, 53], protection applications are not used; instead, the applications include capacitor bank, OLTC, distributed generation control [26], demand response control …”

Section: Related Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The setup is shown in Figure 3. Similar CHIL experimental setups have been explored previously in combination with, for instance, Omnet [63], Click Modular router [3,48], and NS3 simulator [28,34]. However, many previous experimental setups have been implemented with simulated communication networks, which cannot capture the intricacies of commercial communication networks.…”

Section: Test Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving Reliability of Protection Communication in a 5G Slice

Raussi

Kokkoniemi-Tarkkanen²,

Ahola³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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5G network slicing is a promising solution to prioritize time-critical protection communication in wireless networks. However, recent trends indicate that a 5G slice could encompass all smart grid applications lacking the necessary granularity. At the same time, while substation communication standards recommend prioritization of protection communication traffic to improve reliability, these recommendations are only for wired connections. Therefore, this paper investigates traffic shaping and uplink (UL) bitrate adaptation of video stream based on existing commercial solutions as methodologies for prioritizing the protection communication in a 5G slice. These methodologies are validated in an experimental setup combining controller-hardware-in-the-loop (CHIL) simulation with a quality of service (QoS) measurement system. The system under test consists of commercial 5G networks, commercial intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), and merging units to validate the methodologies on three smart grid applications: fault location, line differential, and intertrip protection. The results show improvement in protection communication when traffic shaping and UL bitrate adaptation are applied. Traffic shaping even improves prioritization with a wired connection.

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Section: Related Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Test Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Improving Reliability of Protection Communication in a 5G Slice

Raussi

Kokkoniemi-Tarkkanen²,

Ahola³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Compared to this paper, [19, 29-37, 44, 45] do not use hardware IEDs but rather simulation software [29][30][31][32][33]44], Rapid61850 software [34], simulation on the real-time operating system [19], and emulated IEDs [35,37,45]. Ref.…”

Section: Commercial Communication Network 5gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prioritizing protection communication in a 5G slice: Evaluating HTB traffic shaping and UL bitrate adaptation for enhanced reliability

Raussi,

Kokkoniemi‐Tarkkanen,

Ahola

et al. 2023

The Journal of Engineering

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Abstract5G network slicing is promising in prioritizing time‐critical protection communication in wireless networks of smart grids. However, network slicing offered by telecommunication providers encompasses all smart grid applications, lacking granularity. Smart grid automation standards provide recommendations on prioritization of protection communication to improve reliability but only for wired connections. Therefore, this paper investigates hierarchical token bucket (HTB) traffic shaping and uplink (UL) bitrate adaptation of a live video stream for prioritizing protection communication within a 5G slice. An experimental setup combines controller‐hardware‐in‐the‐loop (CHIL) with a quality of service (QoS) measurement system for validation. The system under test consists of commercial 5G networks, intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), and merging units for validation with three smart grid applications: fault location, line differential, and intertrip protection. HTB traffic shaping improves protected faults by 47.57% in congested and 1.16% in non‐congested scenarios. UL bitrate of the video stream adaptation by 2 Mbps increases protected faults by 3.69%. HTB traffic shaping even improves prioritization with a wired connection without introducing additional delays. HTB traffic shaping must be deployed in routers to maintain good QoS for critical applications. Collaboration between utilities and telecommunication providers is essential to effectively deploy 5G network slicing on smart grids.

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