Development of affordable steel-framed modular buildings for emergency situations (Covid-19)

Gatheeshgar, Perampalam; Poologanathan, Keerthan; Gunalan, Shanmuganathan; Shyha, Islam; Sherlock, P.; Rajanayagam, Heshachanaa; Nagaratnam, Brabha

doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2021.02.004

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Faster delivery of buildings, especially hospitals, hostels and office buildings, is the most impressive benefit of modular constructions considering the increase in population. For example, China was able to complete a 1000-bed hospital within 14 days using the modular construction concept to address the COVID-19 treatment and hospitalization issues as the number of patients kept increasing [2]. The timeline comparison of modular and traditional construction for a typical building is illustrated in Figure 2.…”

Section: Countrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 5 indicates the labour capacity and forecast in the UK. Moreover, recent industry reports [24], government reports [25], strategic plans [26] and research studies [2] are pointing out the sustainable benefits of the MMC, which will be profitable in achieving sustainable targets [27] set by the government and the United Nations (UN) [28]. In particular, Construction 2025, the strategy plan of the UK, aims at a 33% reduction in initial and lifetime costs, 50% faster construction, 50% lower emissions and 50% improvement in exports by 2025.…”

Section: Countrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the construction industry remained stubborn in the adoption of new technologies, excluding of machineries, which were introduced to reduce human effort and time. Conventional methods of construction are labour intensive, time consuming, less productive, less predictable, high energy consuming (buildings account for 32% of global energy and almost 10% of energy related to direct CO 2 emissions [1]), threatening to the environment in terms of carbon emissions (the building sector is responsible for 40% of global carbon emission [2]), air pollution and noise pollution and subjected to weather constraints, but are still considered as the predominant construction practice even in developed countries such as the United Kingdom (UK), Australia and the United States of America (USA). However, countries including Sweden, Norway, Finland, the Netherlands and Japan have moved on to sustainable modern construction methods by replacing 70-95% [3] of site works with offsite modular construction, which is one of the highly rated Modern Methods of Construction (MMC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Performance of a Modular Building System Made of Built-Up Cold-Formed Steel Beams

et al. 2021

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Modular Building Systems (MBS) offer numerous benefits in terms of productivity, sustainability and safety. Therefore, MBSs are considered as a viable option to sort out the housing crisis in Britain as well as to drive Britain towards sustainable construction. Development in materials, manufacturing techniques, connection types and structural designs with respect to offsite construction is essential to achieve sustainable goals. Recent advancements in steel manufacturing, including Cold-Formed Steel (CFS), have showed potential benefits in structural performance compared to concrete and timber. Meanwhile, research was conducted to enhance the structural capacities of CFS sections by introducing different cross-sections, composite sections and techniques including optimization. Built-up sections were developed by connecting more than one channel section, and various research studies were conducted to assess their structural performances. However, sustainable performance of built-up sections in modular constructions is still unknown. Hence, this paper intends to develop an MBS using built-up sections for better sustainable performance. Literature review was carried out on the sustainability benefits of MBSs in terms of economic, environmental and social aspects. In addition to that, numerical analysis was performed to investigate the flexural capacity of built-up sections with different screw arrangements to address the sustainable aspects of modular construction by introducing novel sections. The numerical description, results and validations are also stated. Numerical results revealed that flexural capacities of built-up sections are improved up to 156% than those of single sections. Finally, the utilization of built-up sections in modular construction with sustainability enhancement is addressed and illustrated in a conceptual diagram.

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Section: Countrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Countrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Performance of a Modular Building System Made of Built-Up Cold-Formed Steel Beams

et al. 2021

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“…Air moving within this highly infectious environment may contain suspended particles containing the SARS-CoV-2 virus ( Cao et al, 2021 , Jansi et al, 2021 ). Gatheeshgar et al (2021) emphasized that one potential solution to mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in hospital environments is the greater use of modular partitions, capable of directing air circulation to the windows and exhausting it to the external atmosphere. Care must be taken, however, to avoid creating exterior areas in which tainted air can be concentrated, exposing hospital visitors or personnel to potentially dangerous conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geo-environmental parametric 3D models of SARS-CoV-2 virus circulation in hospital ventilation systems

Zorzi

Neckel

Maculan

et al. 2022

Geoscience Frontiers

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“…Modular construction method indeed differs from the conventional construction process. Modules are built and prefabricated off-site and then transferred and assembled into a structure at their final destination [5]. Modular units can be assembled as a set of volumetric elements including walls, ceilings, and floors on-site, or can be delivered fully completed for rapid construction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency architecture. Modular construction of healthcare facilities as a response to pandemic outbreak

Smolova

Smolova²

2021

E3S Web Conf.

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Emerging infectious diseases originating from wildlife species continue to demolish humankind leaving an imprint on human history. December 2019 has marked the emergence of a novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-2019) originated in China in the city of Wuhan. Drastic emergence and spread of infectious disease have shown to appear in highly densified areas causing rapid spread of epidemic through population movement, transmission routes, major activity nodes, proximity, and connectivity of urban spaces. An extreme number of cases rising throughout the world caused space unavailability in healthcare facilities to serve patients infected with Covid-2019, therefore urging for innovative emergency management response from construction and architecture industry. Prefabricated modular construction has been widely utilized around the globe assembling rapid response facilities after catastrophic events such as tornadoes, hurricanes, and forest fires. An increasing number of Covid-2019 cases demanded effective and compressed implementation of medical centres to provide expeditious and secure healthcare. The paper examines the potential of standardization of modular construction of hospitals as a response to current and potential pandemic outbreaks. The research provides fundamental planning requirements of isolation units and their design flexibility as a key to rapid emergency solution.

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Development of affordable steel-framed modular buildings for emergency situations (Covid-19)

Cited by 49 publications

References 38 publications

Sustainable Performance of a Modular Building System Made of Built-Up Cold-Formed Steel Beams

Sustainable Performance of a Modular Building System Made of Built-Up Cold-Formed Steel Beams

Geo-environmental parametric 3D models of SARS-CoV-2 virus circulation in hospital ventilation systems

Emergency architecture. Modular construction of healthcare facilities as a response to pandemic outbreak

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