“…"Reduce" refers to the reduction of consumption and waste generated, "reuse" includes the reuse of building products or material at the end of life, and "recycle" involves processing to break down and reproduce materials and new products [23]. There have been many iterations of the R principles that subdivide the 3 Rs into 14, 22, and even up to 38 Rs [24,25]. The 38 identified by Reike et al [26] are listed here in alphabetic order: "re-assembly, recapture, reconditioning, recollect, recover, recreate, rectify, recycle, redesign, redistribute, reduce, re-envision, refit, refurbish, refuse, remarket, remanufacture, renovate, repair, replacement, reprocess, reproduce, repurpose, resale, resell, re-service, restoration, resynthesize, rethink, retrieve, retrofit, retrograde, return, reuse, reutilize, revenue, reverse and revitalize".…”