Development and validation of a rapid high‐performance thin‐layer chromatographic method for quantification of gallic acid, cinnamic acid, piperine, eugenol, and glycyrrhizin in Divya‐Swasari‐Vati, an ayurvedic medicine for respiratory ailments

Abstract

Divya‐Swasari‐Vati is a calcium containing polyherbal ayurvedic medicine prescribed for the lung‐related ailments observed in the current pandemic of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 infections. The formulation is a unique quintessential blend of nine herbs cited in Ayurvedic texts for chronic cough and lung infection. Analytical standardization of herbal medicines is the pressing need of the hour to ascertain the quality compliance. This persuaded us to develop a simple, rapid, and selective high‐performance thin‐layer chromatographic method for Divya‐Swasari‐Vati quality standardization. The developed method was validated for the quantification of marker components, gallic acid, cinnamic acid, piperine, eugenol and glycyrrhizin, against reference standards in five different batches of Divya‐Swasari‐Vati. The analytes were identified by visualization at 254 nm, and by matching their retention factor with authentic standards. The developed method was validated as per the guidelines recommended by the International Council for Harmonization for parameters like, linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, accuracy, and precision. Therefore, the developed novel high‐performance thin‐layer chromatographic process could be employed for rapid standardization of Divya‐Swasari‐Vati and other related herbal formulation, which would aid in quality manufacturing and product development.

Identification, Validation and Standardization of Bioactive Molecules Using UPLC/MS-QToF, UHPLC and HPTLC in Divya-Denguenil-Vati: A Penta-Herbal Formulation for Dengue Fever

“…Few attempts have been made to develop methods for simultaneous determination of phyto-metabolites in poly-herbal medicines by RP-HPLC and HPTLC such as Coronil [ 8 ], Divya Swasari Vati [ 9 , 10 ], Ukgansan [ 11 ] and SJT-DI-02 [ 12 ]. The herb extracts utilized in the production of these formulations are not the same as those used in DNV.…”

Free and glycosylated aroma compounds in grapes monitored by solid‐liquid extraction and dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction combined with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry

“…Considering the high volatility of aroma compounds, the analysis of the sample extracts is generally carried out by GC coupled with MS [2, 4, 6–17, 19–22, 25–32, 34–36, 42] or flame ionization detector [43]; although LC [37, 41, 44] and TLC [45] have also been applied.…”

Herbo-mineral formulation, Divya-Swasari-Vati averts SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus entry into human alveolar epithelial cells by interfering with spike protein-ACE 2 interaction and IL-6/TNF-α /NF-κB signaling

“…Divya-Swasari-Vati (DSV), consisting of various parts of nine herbs and seven classical mineral preparations, called “ bhasma ” ( Table 1 ), is an Ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulation prescribed for respiratory ailments, such as cold, cough, bronchitis, and asthma. In order to ensure reproducibility of the subsequent pharmacological studies on DSV as required by the “Consensus statement on the Phytochemical Characterisation of Medicinal Plant extracts” (ConPhyMP) ( Heinrich et al, 2022 ), a thorough process optimization has been done for consistent detection of marker metabolites in DSV across different batches ( Balkrishna et al, 2021c ; Balkrishna et al, 2021d ). DSV is rich in several metabolites, such as eugenol, piperine, glycyrrhizin, gallic acid, 6-gingerol, methyl gallate, ellagic acid, glabridin, cinnamic acid, protocatechuic acid and coumarin ( Table 2 ) ( Balkrishna et al, 2020c ; Balkrishna et al, 2021c ).…”

“…In order to ensure reproducibility of the subsequent pharmacological studies on DSV as required by the “Consensus statement on the Phytochemical Characterisation of Medicinal Plant extracts” (ConPhyMP) ( Heinrich et al, 2022 ), a thorough process optimization has been done for consistent detection of marker metabolites in DSV across different batches ( Balkrishna et al, 2021c ; Balkrishna et al, 2021d ). DSV is rich in several metabolites, such as eugenol, piperine, glycyrrhizin, gallic acid, 6-gingerol, methyl gallate, ellagic acid, glabridin, cinnamic acid, protocatechuic acid and coumarin ( Table 2 ) ( Balkrishna et al, 2020c ; Balkrishna et al, 2021c ). The pharmacological significance of the metabolites present in DSV, particularly their anti-inflammatory properties, are well documented ( Semaming et al, 2015 ; Semwal et al, 2015 ; Correa et al, 2016 ; Graebin, 2018 ; Rios et al, 2018 ; Kahkeshani et al, 2019 ; Ruwizhi and Aderibigbe, 2020 ; Li C.-X.…”

“… a Adapted from Table 1 of ( Balkrishna et al, 2021c ; Balkrishna et al, 2021d ). b Each DSV tablet weighs 540 mg. …”