Development and removal ability of non-toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi in presence of atrazine, chlorpyrifos and endosulfan

Abstract

This study evaluated the in vitro effect of three concentrations of atrazine, chlorpyrifos and endosulfan on the growth parameters of four non-toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi strains. The ability of the strains to remove these pesticides in a synthetic medium was also determined. Growth parameters were measured on soil extract solid medium supplied with 5, 10 and 20mg/l of each pesticide, and conditioned to -0.70, -2.78, -7.06 and -10.0 water potential (MPa). Removal assays were performed in Czapek Doc medium (CZD) supplied with 20mg/l of each pesticide under optimal environmental conditions (-2.78 of MPa and 25°C). The residual levels of each pesticide were detected by the reversed-phase HPLC/fluorescence detection system. The lag phases of the strains significantly decreased in the presence of the pesticides with respect to the control media. This result indicates a fast adaptation to the conditions assayed. Similarly, the mycelial growth rates in the different treatments increased depending on pesticide concentrations. Aspergillus oryzae AM 1 and AM 2 strains showed high percentages of atrazine degradation (above 90%), followed by endosulfan (56 and 76%) and chlorpyrifos (50 and 73%) after 30 days of incubation. A significant (p<0.001) correlation (r=0.974) between removal percentages and growth rate was found. This study shows that non-toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi strains from agricultural soils are able to effectively grow in the presence of high concentrations of atrazine, chlorpyrifos and endosulfan under a wide range of MPa conditions. Moreover, these strains have the ability to remove high levels of these pesticides in vitro in a short time.

Fungal and bacterial assisted bioremediation of environmental toxicant (N‐[2‐[3‐chloro‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)‐2‐pyridinyl] ethyl]‐2‐(trifluoromethyl) benzamide) holding benzamidic genesis elucidating the eco‐friendly strategy

“…The ability of AF to eliminate pesticides including atrazine, chlorpyrifos, and endosulfan (50%–90%) has been documented by researchers [24]. Hasanin et al [25] identified an AF GYPTA5 that has ligninolytic capacity.…”

Review on Performance of Aspergillus and Penicillium Species in Biodegradation of Organochlorine and Organophosphorus Pesticides

“…The successful strategy to further enhance the biodegradation capacities of filamentous fungi is most likely a selective adaptation of fungus on specific pesticide, or its isolation directly from the pesticide-exposed soils. The latter approach has been tested by Barberis et al [ 60 ] who reported that two Aspergillus oryzae strains, AM 1 and AM 2, isolated from soils that have been exposed to pesticides in last decade, highly varied in the ability to degrade 20 mg·L −1 chlorpyrifos after 30 days of incubation. While AM 1 strain removed 50%, the AM 2 strain removed approximately 73%.…”

Selection of filamentous fungi that are resistant to the herbicides atrazine, glyphosate and pendimethalin

“…herbicide. Barberis, Carranza, Magnoli, Benito, and Magnoli (2018) indicated that Aspergillus oryzae was tolerant to high atrazine levels and may be considered a potential bioremediation agent. The fungus A. fumigatus was tolerant to all changes that occurred in this study.…”