Development and cross-validation of predictive equations for fat-free mass and lean soft tissue mass by bioelectrical impedance in Brazilian women

Costa, Roberto Fernandes da; Masset, Kalina Veruska da Silva Bezerra; Silva, Analiza M.; Cabral, Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco; Dantas, Paulo Moreira Silva

doi:10.1038/s41430-021-00946-x

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first study to develop and cross-validate a predictive equation for FFM by body circumference, using DXA as a reference method, in Brazilian adults in the northeast region. The mathematical model developed in our study showed a high coefficient of determination and good limits of agreement in relation to the reference method, and all the parameters used for the proposition and crossvalidation of the model confirmed its validity for the population studied (15,18,19,39), which can be used to monitor changes in FFM resulting from dietary and exercise programs (40).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

The Body Adiposity Index is not applicable to the Brazilian adult population

Costa

Goncalves

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundObesity is a serious disease that burdens public health systems around the world. It is a risk factor for the development of several non-communicable chronic diseases that are related to the amount and distribution of body fat. Body composition assessment using simple and low-cost techniques can help in the early detection of excess fat, allowing for the prevention and treatment of both obesity and associated diseases. Thus, identifying and proposing valid anthropometric indices for this purpose can be a great ally of health programs.ObjectiveTo verify the validity of the Body Adiposity Index (BAI) in relation to Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) for estimating body fat percentage in Brazilian adults, as well as to propose a new mathematical model to estimate the fat-free mass of this population.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, 424 subjects (of which 220 were women), aged between 20 and 59 years, were evaluated by BAI and DXA, then randomly divided into two groups stratified by sex: the development group (n = 283) and the cross-validation group (n = 141). Statistical analyses to test the validity of BAI as a predictor of fat mass, in addition to proposing a new mathematical model for estimating fat-free mass, using DXA as a reference method. The analysis included paired t-test, stepwise multiple regression, coefficient of concordance correlation, and Bland-Altman plots.ResultsThe BAI validity analysis showed a low correlation coefficient of agreement [CCC = 0.626; ρ (precision) = 0.795; Cb(accuracy) = 0.787]; in addition, the mean difference in the Bland-Altman plot was different from zero in the cross-validation group (p < 0.01) and limits of agreement (LOA) ranged between−8.0 and 14.4 kg, indicating a poor agreement between the BAI and the reference method. The new mathematical model for estimating FFM showed a high correlation coefficient of agreement (CCC = 0.952; ρ = 0.953; Cb = 0.999), in addition to acceptable LOA in the Bland-Altman plot (-6.7 and 6.7).ConclusionIn the studied sample, the BAI showed low validity for estimating body fat, while the new proposed model was found to be a good option to assess the body composition of Brazilian adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

The Body Adiposity Index is not applicable to the Brazilian adult population

Costa

Goncalves

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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“…Although the use of predictive equations in subjects with different characteristics from those presented by the group of origin of the equations is questionable ( 15 ), we did not always have mathematical models validated for similar groups to the ones we wanted to evaluate. In addition, many BIA devices do not refer to the predictive equations available in their software ( 17 ). Thus, it is possible that health professionals are using inadequate equations for their patients, which indicates the need for studies to validate predictive equations that already exist in different population groups, as well as the development of new equations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To verify the quality of the measurements obtained by the equipment, reproducibility was calculated in a previous study with 46 women from the northeast region of Brazil. The results obtained were a coefficient of variation (CV) of 0.17 and 0.72% for R and Xc, respectively, and a technical error of measurement (TEM) of 0.76 Ω (0.22%) and 0.35 Ω (0.92%) for R and Xc, respectively ( 17 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although DXA cannot be considered the gold standard for the determination of FFM at the molecular level, and the four-compartment model (4C) is the most suitable reference method to assess FM and FFM at the molecular level ( 12 ), due to the complexity of the technique ( 13 ), the use of DXA to derive BIA equations has been widely accepted ( 14 , 15 ). In addition, in Brazil, two previous studies have developed equations to estimate the FFM of men ( 16 ) and women ( 17 ) aged 20–59 years, with high validity, using DXA as a reference technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Cross-Validation of a Predictive Equation for Fat-Free Mass in Brazilian Adolescents by Bioelectrical Impedance

et al. 2022

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The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is one of the most commonly used techniques for assessing body composition in a clinical setting and in field approaches, as it has the advantages of easy application, fast, and non-invasive, in addition to its relatively low cost. However, the available predictive equations need to be valid for the evaluated subjects. The aim of this study was to verify the validity of several published BIA equations in estimating fat-free mass (FFM) among Brazilian adolescents, in addition to developing and cross-validating a BIA equation to estimate FFM appropriate for Brazilian adolescents. This is a cross-sectional study with 257 adolescents (128 girls) aged 10–19 years, randomly divided into two groups, namely, development (n = 172) and cross-validation (n = 85). The standard technique for assessing FFM was dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The paired t-test, multiple regression, and the Bland-Altman plots were used to test the validity of the proposed models and to perform cross-validation of the model. The equation derived in this study was as follows: FFM = −17.189 + 0.498 (Height2/Resistance) + 0.226 Weight + 0.071 Reactance − 2.378 Sex + 0.097 Height + 0.222 Age; r2 = 0.92; standard error of the estimate = 2.49 kg; the new equation for FFM showed better agreement when compared with that of the equations developed in other countries. In conclusion, the newly developed equations provide a valid FFM estimation and are recommended for Brazilian adolescents with similar characteristics.

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“…There are several techniques for assessing body composition, from simple body indices based on anthropometric measurements to sophisticated laboratory methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (4), with the ability to assess different body compartments at different levels (5,6). Thus, many studies have been conducted in order to develop and validate techniques, which can be extremely useful for health professionals to estimate body composition components such as fat mass, muscle mass, bone mass, and residual mass, or simply fat mass and fat-free mass (7)(8)(9)(10).…”

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confidence: 99%