Development and characterization of a Z-pinch-driven hohlraum high-yield inertial confinement fusion target concept

Cuneo, M. E.; Vesey, R. A.; Porter, J. L.; Chandler, G. A.; Fehl, D. L.; Gilliland, T. L.; Hanson, D. L.; McGurn, J.; Reynolds, P.; Ruggles, L. E.; Seamen, H.; Spielman, R. B.; Struve, K. W.; Stygar, W. A.; Simpson, W. W.; Torres, J. A.; Wenger, D. F.; Hammer, J.H.; Rambo, P. W.; Peterson, Darrell L.; Idzorek, G. C.

doi:10.1063/1.1348328

Cited by 89 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…1 and noting that the contribution through surface 2 is zero, the expression for the flux induced by a wire through contour is given by (2) 0093-3813/03$17.00 © 2003 IEEE where the terms represent the distances between conductors denoted by and . This expression holds if .…”

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confidence: 99%

Efficient computation of current in multiwire Z-pinch arrays

Strickler

Gilgenbach

Johnston

et al. 2003

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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This paper presents a fast, memory efficient, and accurate method to calculate the current distributions in solid wires in wire z-pinch arrays. Building upon previous work, we reformulate inductance equations to significantly reduce the number of variables fromx to + 1, where is the number of wires and is the number of return conductor elements, or "backposts." Test cases of and in the hundreds show reduction of computing time by as much as five orders of magnitude. Extension of this inductive model to include resistive effects is indicated.

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confidence: 99%

Efficient computation of current in multiwire Z-pinch arrays

Strickler

Gilgenbach

Johnston

et al. 2003

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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“…Z pinches on the Z facility have successfully been used to generate 200 TW,1-2 MJ plasma radiation sources with a near-blackbody spectral shape. 2 This radiation source can be used as a driver for inertial confinement fusion experiments [3][4][5][6][7] or for radiation effects testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing-incidence mirror streak camera diagnostic for emission measurements of imploding z pinches on the Sandia Z-machine

Wenger

Sinars

Keller

et al. 2004

Review of Scientific Instruments

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A soft x-ray ͑0.1-1 keV͒ streak camera using a grazing-incidence mirror has been developed for the Sandia Z facility, a 20 MA, 100 ns rise-time accelerator that can generate Ͼ200 TW, 2 MJ, x-ray pulses. The streak camera is used to measure with one dimension of spatial resolution the continuous time history of sub-kilo-electron-volts emission from z-pinch and radiation flow experiments. Radiation Ͼ1 keV is eliminated by the use of a grazing-incidence mirror and transmission filters. The diagnostic has a magnification of 1.22, a 20 mm field-of-view and a spatial resolution of ϳ350 m. The recording length of the instrument is variable in duration up to a maximum of 33 ns, making it well suited for the typical 100 ns Z pinch implosion times. The spatial resolution can readily be changed to be along either the axial or the radial direction.

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“…4 However, a large fraction of the x-ray energy is absorbed by the hohlraum walls of the primary and secondary hohlraums, which reduces the energy coupling efficiency to the capsule. 5 The dynamic hohlraum 6-10 is a more efficient approach to delivering thermal radiation from Z pinches to an inertial fusion capsule. This concept was developed separately in both the USSR and the US in the late 1970s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic hohlraum driven inertial fusion capsules

et al. 2003

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A dynamic hohlraum is formed when an imploding annular cylindrical Z-pinch driven plasma collides with an internal low density convertor. This collision generates an inward traveling shock wave that emits x rays, which are trapped by the optically thick Z-pinch plasma and can be used to drive an inertial fusion capsule embedded in the convertor. This scheme has the potential to efficiently drive high yield capsules due to the close coupling between the intense radiation generation and the capsule. In prior dynamic hohlraum experiments [J. E. Bailey et al., Phys. Rev Lett. 89, 095004 (2002)] the convertor shock wave has been imaged with gated x-ray pinhole cameras. The shock emission was observed to be very circular and to be quite narrow in the radial direction. This implies that there is minimal Rayleigh–Taylor imprinting on the shock wave. Thus, the dominant source of radiation asymmetry is not random and in principle could be significantly decreased by proper design. Due to the closed geometry of the dynamic hohlraum, the most convenient way to diagnose the radiation symmetry is to image the x rays from the core of an imploded capsule. However, the core temperatures in the prior experiments were not high enough to obtain images. Using numerical simulations we have redesigned the dynamic hohlraum to obtain higher capsule core temperatures. This has enabled us to obtain x-ray pinhole images and Ar K-shell spectra from the imploded cores of 1.7–2.0 mm diameter CH-wall capsules filled with either D2 or CD4 and doped with a small amount of Ar. These capsules absorbed approximately 20 kJ of x-ray energy from the radiation drive, which peaked at a temperature of about 200 eV. Core temperatures of approximately 1 keV were inferred from the Ar spectrum. Our present understanding of the physics of dynamic hohlraums is presented along with our plans to improve this system.

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Development and characterization of a Z-pinch-driven hohlraum high-yield inertial confinement fusion target concept

Cited by 89 publications

References 15 publications

Efficient computation of current in multiwire Z-pinch arrays

Efficient computation of current in multiwire Z-pinch arrays

Grazing-incidence mirror streak camera diagnostic for emission measurements of imploding z pinches on the Sandia Z-machine

Dynamic hohlraum driven inertial fusion capsules

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