Determining the temporal interval of segments with the help of F0 contours

Xu, Yi; Liu, Fang

doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2006.06.002

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…We used different distances ͑20 to 50 ms͒ before the syllable offset in our analyses depending on the duration of the syllable nucleus in order to avoid the effects of segmental perturbation on the results. The temporal range is further justified by findings of Xu and Liu,22 who show that the actual syllable offset is 20-50 ms earlier than the traditional one, which is used as the basis of segmentation in the current study, as well.…”

Section: B Data Analysissupporting

confidence: 67%

Phonetic tone signals phonological quantity and word structure

Vainio

Järvikivi

Aalto

et al. 2010

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Many languages exploit suprasegmental devices in signaling word meaning. Tone languages exploit fundamental frequency whereas quantity languages rely on segmental durations to distinguish otherwise similar words. Traditionally, duration and tone have been taken as mutually exclusive. However, some evidence suggests that, in addition to durational cues, phonological quantity is associated with and co-signaled by changes in fundamental frequency in quantity languages such as Finnish, Estonian, and Serbo-Croat. The results from the present experiment show that the structure of disyllabic word stems in Finnish are indeed signaled tonally and that the phonological length of the stressed syllable is further tonally distinguished within the disyllabic sequence. The results further indicate that the observed association of tone and duration in perception is systematically exploited in speech production in Finnish.

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Section: B Data Analysissupporting

confidence: 67%

Phonetic tone signals phonological quantity and word structure

Vainio

Järvikivi

Aalto

et al. 2010

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…As an illustration, in Fig. 7 Xu and Liu (2007) have found is that, with the help of F 0 alignment as independent time reference, similar division as in ''my wheel'' can be found in ''my meal'' as shown in Fig. 8.…”

Section: Defining the Temporal Interval Of Segments In Terms Of Targementioning

confidence: 58%

“…As mentioned above, the TA model assumes that the temporal interval of a unit is equal to the interval during which its target is approached. Based on this assumption, Xu and Liu (2007) examined the temporal alignment of segments and found that it follows a very restricted pattern bound to the syllable. As an illustration, in Fig.…”

Section: Defining the Temporal Interval Of Segments In Terms Of Targementioning

confidence: 99%

Timing and coordination in tone and intonation—An articulatory-functional perspective

2009

Lingua

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“…From the perspective of encoding, it seems that conveying anger and happiness is not to sound convincingly larger or smaller, but to show an effort to do so. But this is exactly the kind of strategy speakers use when encoding lexical contrasts conveyed by tonal and segmental sounds [Xu, 1997[Xu, , 1999Xu and Liu, 2007], as depicted by the Target Approximation model [Xu and Wang, 2001]. To produce a phonetic unit in connected speech, the speaker produces a unidirectional articulatory movement that asymptotically approaches an ideal target, starting from the initial states of the articulators [for tone : Xu, 1997: Xu, , 1999for segments: Xu and Liu, 2007].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encoding Emotions in Speech with the Size Code

Chuenwattanapranithi

Thipakorn

et al. 2009

Phonetica

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Our current understanding of how emotions are expressed in speech is still very limited. Part of the difficulty has been the lack of understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Here we report the findings of a somewhat unconventional investigation of emotional speech. Instead of looking for direct acoustic correlates of multiple emotions, we tested a specific theory, the size code hypothesis of emotional speech, about two emotions – anger and happiness. According to the hypothesis, anger and happiness are conveyed in speech by exaggerating or understating the body size of the speaker. In two studies consisting of six experiments, we synthesized vowels with a three-dimensional articulatory synthesizer with parameter manipulations derived from the size code hypothesis, and asked Thai listeners to judge the body size and emotion of the speaker. Vowels synthesized with a longer vocal tract and lower F0 were mostly heard as from a larger person if the length and F0 differences were stationary, but from an angry person if the vocal tract was dynamically lengthened and F0 was dynamically lowered. The opposite was true for the perception of small body size and happiness. These results provide preliminary support for the size code hypothesis. They also point to potential benefits of theory-driven investigations in emotion research.

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Determining the temporal interval of segments with the help of F0 contours

Cited by 14 publications

References 65 publications

Phonetic tone signals phonological quantity and word structure

Phonetic tone signals phonological quantity and word structure

Timing and coordination in tone and intonation—An articulatory-functional perspective

Encoding Emotions in Speech with the Size Code

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