2008
Abstract: The walls of solid matrix restrict the self-diffusion of a fluid absorbed in the matrix, and this is reflected in the echo amplitudes measured by PGSTE NMR. Hence, the pore size distribution of the matrix can be extracted from the echo amplitudes. We demonstrate that, when both liquids and gases (water and methane in this case) are used as probe fluids, the scale of the dimensions observable by PGSTE NMR may be over 4 orders of magnitude. This enables determining the dimensions of highly anisotropic pores. In …
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“…The observed closing of the pits in the modification may play an important role in achieving such desired properties in thermal modification as reduced moisture content and improved dimensional stability. As the connections between tracheid cells could not be observed with PGSE NMR based methods in previous studies [19][20][21][22], TOF RD MRI increases crucially information given by NMR methods in wood research. The images also reveal that most of the gas flowed through early wood in both samples.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
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“…The observed closing of the pits in the modification may play an important role in achieving such desired properties in thermal modification as reduced moisture content and improved dimensional stability. As the connections between tracheid cells could not be observed with PGSE NMR based methods in previous studies [19][20][21][22], TOF RD MRI increases crucially information given by NMR methods in wood research. The images also reveal that most of the gas flowed through early wood in both samples.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
“…This method mainly provides information about the dimensions of lumens inside tracheid cells in the transverse direction. Combined PGSE NMR of liquids and gases extends the range of observable dimensions from two to over four orders of magnitude, making it possible to also determine the axial dimensions of tracheids and the dimensions of the other cell structures [22]. However, previous studies have not revealed the connections between cells and cell structures, even though it is known that tracheid cells are connected to each other by small pits (see Fig.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
“…Analysis of the echo amplitude decay using an appropriate theoretical model makes it possible to determine the structural dimensions. 13, 14 Consider the diffusion of fluid in pine. Because 93% of pine comprises boxlike tracheid cells (Figure 1), it is reasonable to use a model in which the probe fluid molecules are assumed to be confined within a rectangular box with perfectly reflecting walls.…”
Section: Pulsed-field Gradient Spin-echo Nmrmentioning
“…Water (small D) is an optimal probe for measuring the transverse lumen dimensions (∼30 μm) because the pore size which water can probe with typical experimental parameters is about 10-300 μm, whereas methane gas (large D) is best suited for measuring lumen lengths (a couple of millimeters), as it can probe dimensions from 300 μm to 10 mm. 14 Pulsed-field gradient-stimulated echo (PGSTE) NMR 16 (a variant of PGSE NMR) amplitudes measured in the transverse directions from water and in the longitudinal direction from methane absorbed in pine are shown in Figure 8. Amplitudes decay faster in the radial direction than in the tangential direction (Figure 8a) because the average lumen size in the former direction is larger.…”
Section: Pulsed-field Gradient Spin-echo Nmrmentioning
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