Determination of Zinc, Copper, and Mercury in Water Samples by Using Novel Micro Cloud Point Extraction and UV-Vis Spectrophotometry

Abstract

A novel micro cloud point extraction (MCPE) was developed as a fast, simple, and economical preconcentration method for spectrophotometric determination of Zn, Cu, and Hg in water samples. In contrary to traditional cloud point extraction, this method does not need heating. To achieve the cloud point in room temperature, the MCPE procedure was carried out in brine. Triton X-114 was employed as a non-ionic surfactant and the analytes were chelated by 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol prior to extraction. The important factors influencing the extraction efficiency were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized condition, calibration curve was found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.15-0.60, 0.02-0.10, and 0.30-0.80 mg.L -1 for Zn, Cu, and Hg respectively with a limit of detection of 51.7, 9.8, and 13.1 μg.L -1 .

Sensory development for heavy metal detection: A review on translation from conventional analysis to field-portable sensor

“…They have similar sensitivity as conventional techniques, but have higher degree of portability and rapidness. (Ghasemi & Kaykhaii, 2017). In contrary to traditional cloud point extraction, this method does not need heating.…”

“…Under the optimized condition, calibration curve was found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.15-0.60 mgL -1 for Zn with a limit of detection of 51.7 μg L -1 . A high sensitive method of quantitative analysis for the determination of Zn in the nutrition supplements has been developed by Weng et al using a novel water-soluble fluorescent sensor (Ghasemi & Kaykhaii, 2017). Under the optimized condition of 67 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, and 5% (v/v) DMSO, the Zn concentration exhibited good linear relationship with fluorescence intensity in the range of 7.5 × 10 −8 to 2.5 × 10 −5 M with the detection limit of 1.5 × 10 -8 M. The sensor revealed high selectivity to Zn comparing with other metal ions except for Cd.…”

Separation and Spectrophotometric Determination of Iron (III) and Mercury (II) via Cloud Point Extraction with New Azo-Derivative

“…2 / 11 methodology is feasibly used for Hg 2+ determination in different matrices, coupled with spectrophotometric technique and different surfactants as in (TritonX-100 and Triton X-114) and organic reagents as in (DDTP, 4-(2pyridylazo) resorcinol, and ThioMichler's Ketone). These studies include numerous investigational parameters as in pH, the concentration of chelating agent and surfactant [24][25][26][27]. The development of a new analytical method employing ultrasound assisted-cloud point extraction (UA-CPE) for the extraction of CH3Hg + and Hg 2+ species from fish samples has been achieved in [28].…”

Accuracy Improvement When Determining Copper(II) Ions With Zincon at Acidic Condition

“…4 Sometimes, pre-or post-extraction techniques applied to increase selectivity and to minimize interferences. [5][6][7] 2-carboxy-2 0 -hydorxy-5 0 -sulfoformazylbenzene (i.e., zincon) is commonly used to determine copper and zinc due to its strong reactivity with both metal ions. [8][9][10][11][12] Originally, we were trying to develop an analytical system to determine both ions sequentially.…”

“…Salicylaldehyde hydrazone can be a good alternative choice for determining copper(II) ion in acidic condition 4 . Sometimes, pre‐ or post‐extraction techniques applied to increase selectivity and to minimize interferences 5–7 . 2‐carboxy‐2′‐hydorxy‐5′‐sulfoformazyl‐benzene ( i.e ., zincon) is commonly used to determine copper and zinc due to its strong reactivity with both metal ions 8–12 …”