Determination of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath of patients with lung cancer using solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry

Ligor, Magdalena; Ligor, Tomasz; Bajtarevic, Amel; Ager, Clemens; Pienz, Martin; Klieber, Martin; Denz, H.; Fiegl, Michael; Hilbe, Wolfgang; Weiß, Wolfgang; Lukáš, Peter; Jamnig, Herbert; Hackl, Martin; Buszewski, Bogusław; Miekisch, Wolfram; Schubert, Jochen K.; Amann, Anton

doi:10.1515/cclm.2009.133

Cited by 220 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…VOCs belonging to various classes of chemical compounds have been linked previously to lung cancer by different authors (14,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). For most of these compounds, the cellular and biochemical origin has not been determined and some of them might be of exogenous origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TD-GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Metabolites of Human Lung Cancer and Normal Cells In vitro

Filipiak

Sponring²,

Filipiak³

et al. 2010

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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The aim of this study was to confirm the existence of volatile organic compounds (VOC) specifically released or consumed by the lung cancer cell line A549, which could be used in future screens as biomarkers for the early detection of lung cancer. For comparison, primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpC) and human fibroblasts (hFB) were included. VOCs were detected in the headspace of cell cultures or medium controls following adsorption on solid sorbents, thermodesorption, and analysis by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Using this approach, we identified VOCs that behaved similarly in normal and transformed cells. Thus, concentrations of 2-pentanone and 2,4-dimethyl-1-heptene were found to increase in the headspace of A549, HBEpC, and hFB cell cultures. In addition, the ethers methyl tert-butyl ether and ethyl tert-butyl ether could be detected at elevated levels in the case of A549 cells and one of the untransformed cell lines. However, especially branched hydrocarbons and alcohols were seen increased more frequently in untransformed than A549 cells. A big variety of predominantly aldehydes and the ester n-butyl acetate were found at decreased concentrations in the headspace of all cell lines tested compared with medium controls. Again, more different aldehydes were found to be decreased in hFB and HBEpC cells compared with A549 cells and 2-butenal was metabolized exclusively by both control cell lines. These data suggest that certain groups of VOCs may be preferentially associated with the transformed phenotype. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(1); 182-95. ©2010 AACR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Promising investigations included critically ill persons (7,8), patients suffering from renal and liver diseases (9)(10)(11)(12)(13), and cancer patients (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Typical compounds in exhaled breath comprised hydrocarbons, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, amides, sulfides, and ethers (21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TD-GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Metabolites of Human Lung Cancer and Normal Cells In vitro

Filipiak

Sponring²,

Filipiak³

et al. 2010

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

Self Cite

200

204

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“…Most of the studies reported analyzed VOCs using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) [16][17][18][19]. Though GC-MS is a powerful system which enables analysis of VOCs qualitatively and quantitatively, it is of high cost, requires skilled operators, and a lot of time [12,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for lung cancer diagnosis using a sensor system

Chang

Lee

Ban

et al. 2018

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

114

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“…This way, for example, it was possible to discriminate between LC patients and healthy controls, independently of their smoking habits, with 80% sensitivity and 100% specificity. 16,17 In another study, using a set of 13 volatile biomarkers, it was obtained 72% sensitivity and 94% specificity for the identification of LC patients in a population comprising 36 LC patients, 25 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 35 smokers and 50 non-smokers. 18 An alternative method to this conventional technique is based on the so-called "electronic-nose" devices (e-nose).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Smell, Lung Cancer, Electronic Nose and Trained Dogs

Bruno¹,

Haroution²,

Magda³

et al. 2014

JLPRR

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Lung cancer (LC) represents a problem of high magnitude for the medical systems due to its morbidity and mortality, also because of the huge human and economical efforts and costs that it catalyzes. Only in Europe, the average life-time cost of lung cancer patients ranges between €46,000 and €61,000 per patient.Secondary prevention, which consists in mass-screening of the high-risk population, could result of high benefit. For this aim to become a reality in the future, a potentially inexpensive and non-invasive approach for LC (pre)diagnosing is emerging. Such possibility relies on the detection of volatile biomarkers emitted from cell membranes. Tumor growth is accompanied by gene changes that may lead to oxidative stress, and the per oxidation of the cell membrane species causes volatile biomarkers to be emitted. Some of these biomarkers appear in distinctively different mixture compositions, depending on whether a cell is healthy or cancerous. These volatile biomarkers can be detected, among others, through the analysis of the exhaled breath, because the cancer-related changes in the blood chemistry are reflected in measurable changes to the breath through exchange via the lung. Importantly, these volatiles or their metabolic products are transmitted to the alveolar exhaled breath through exchange via the lung even at the very onset of the disease.There are several methods that can be applied to analyses the exhaled breath for the identification of a specific pattern of volatile biomarkers related with the target medical condition. The feasibility of three strategies, and the possible synergic effect of their concomitant application as a powerful pre-estimation tool for mass-screening of LC high-risk population:i. Spectrographic techniques such as Gas-Chromatography coupled to MassSpectrometry (GC-MS), which relies on reference libraries of analyses mass spectra to structurally identify and track the analyses in gaseous samples.ii. Electronic-nose (e-nose), which consists in a matrix of chemical gas sensors specifically trained for the target application by means of a pattern recognition algorithm. chemistry equipment such as Gas-Chromatography coupled to Mass-Spectrometry (GC-MS), which relies on reference libraries of analytes mass spectra to structurally identify and track the VOCs in gaseous samples. 12 The first study regarding the identification in the exhaled air of LC patients of several VOCs associated with this disease using the GC-MS was published in the '80s. 13 Since then, >100 different VOCs were identified in the breath of patients with lung cancer. Keywords14 These comprise seven families of compounds, such as hydrocarbons (alkanes, branched-chain alkanes and branched-chain alkenes), primary and secondary alcohols, aldehydes and branched aldehydes, ketones, esters, nitriles and aromatic compounds. 15Patient's classification is then realized through the statistical analysis of the selected volatile biomarkers in the breath. This way, for example, it was possible to discriminate between...

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Determination of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath of patients with lung cancer using solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry

Cited by 220 publications

References 37 publications

TD-GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Metabolites of Human Lung Cancer and Normal Cells In vitro

TD-GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Metabolites of Human Lung Cancer and Normal Cells In vitro

Analysis of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for lung cancer diagnosis using a sensor system

Smell, Lung Cancer, Electronic Nose and Trained Dogs

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