Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in soils from Southeastern Romania

Ene, Antoaneta; Bogdevich, Oleg; Sion, Alina; Spanos, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2011.08.006

Cited by 26 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Typically, PAHs and PCBs coexist in industrial wastewater (6). PAHs are a class of hydrophobic organic compounds with two or more fused aromatic rings and are ubiquitous by-products of the burning of fossil fuels (coal, petroleum), waste incineration, and wood processing (7). PCBs are a class of chlorinated organic compounds formed by the addition of chlorine to biphenyl (BP), with 209 different PCB congeners, and have been largely used in industries as heat transfer fluids, lubricants, and flame retardants (8).…”

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confidence: 99%

Stable-Isotope Probing-Enabled Cultivation of the Indigenous Bacterium Ralstonia sp. Strain M1, Capable of Degrading Phenanthrene and Biphenyl in Industrial Wastewater

Luo

Zhang

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

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To identify and obtain the indigenous degraders metabolizing phenanthrene (PHE) and biphenyl (BP) from the complex microbial community within industrial wastewater, DNA-based stable-isotope probing (DNA-SIP) and cultivation-based methods were applied in the present study. DNA-SIP results showed that two bacterial taxa (Vogesella and Alicyclobacillus) were considered the key biodegraders responsible for PHE biodegradation only, whereas Bacillus and Cupriavidus were involved in BP degradation. Vogesella and Alicyclobacillus have not been linked with PHE degradation previously. Additionally, DNA-SIP helped reveal the taxonomic identity of Ralstonia-like degraders involved in both PHE and BP degradation. To target the separation of functional Ralstonia-like degraders from the wastewater, we modified the traditional cultivation medium and culture conditions. Finally, an indigenous PHE- and BP-degrading strain, Ralstonia pickettii M1, was isolated via a cultivation-dependent method, and its role in PHE and BP degradation was confirmed by enrichment of the 16S rRNA gene and distinctive dioxygenase genes in the DNA-SIP experiment. Our study has successfully established a program for the application of DNA-SIP in the isolation of the active functional degraders from an environment. It also deepens our insight into the diversity of indigenous PHE- and BP-degrading communities. IMPORTANCE The comprehensive treatment of wastewater in industrial parks suffers from the presence of multiple persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which reduce the activity of activated sludge and are difficult to eliminate. Characterizing and applying active bacterial degraders metabolizing multiple POPs therefore helps to reveal the mechanisms of synergistic metabolism and to improve wastewater treatment efficiency in industrial parks. To date, SIP studies have successfully investigated the biodegradation of PAHs or PCBs in real-world habitats. DNA-SIP facilitates the isolation of target microorganisms that pose environmental concerns. Here, an indigenous phenanthrene (PHE)- and biphenyl (BP)-degrading strain in wastewater, Ralstonia pickettii M1, was isolated via a cultivation-dependent method, and its role in PHE and BP degradation was confirmed by DNA-SIP. Our study provides a routine protocol for the application of DNA-SIP in the isolation of the active functional degraders from an environment.

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confidence: 99%

Stable-Isotope Probing-Enabled Cultivation of the Indigenous Bacterium Ralstonia sp. Strain M1, Capable of Degrading Phenanthrene and Biphenyl in Industrial Wastewater

Luo

Zhang

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The nitrogen gas purge process is often combined with the LLE or SPE process and sample solvent volume is reduced to approximately 2 mL or less at around 40°C and atmospheric pressure (Michael et al, 1984;Weinberg and Glaze, 1997). There are a variety of processes available such as the argon gas purge (Ene et al, 2012) and the high temperature purge at 80°C (Fernández-Ramos et al, 2013). However, undesirable recovery loss is often caused depending on the nitrogen gas purging conditions, and this decreases the reliability of the measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Purge Condition for Simultaneous GC/MS Measurement of Chemicals

Kameya

Konuma

Kondo

et al. 2014

J. of Wat. ^|^ Envir. Tech.

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Environmental monitoring of chemicals is important for risk evaluation. As almost all contaminants exist in water environments at very low concentration, appropriate concentration procedures are required. A nitrogen purge process has been used to concentrate extract containing various trace semi-volatile organic chemicals by combination with a solid-phase extraction. However, recovery loss is often caused depending on the purging conditions, and it decreases the reliability of the measurement. In this study, 166 chemicals of various physical properties were prepared and their recovery ratios were investigated under each condition. The recovery ratios in nitrogen purge were not necessarily determined by their physical properties, or overly influenced by the nitrogen purge volumetric flow rate. In contrast, the control of the solvent volume, which changes with the progress of the nitrogen purge concentration, was important in addition to the alternation of the final solvent from hexane to acetone, because the concentration of chemicals in the solvent was one of the key factors determining the recovery ratios in the nitrogen purge process. The variation of the recovery ratio was acceptably small under appropriately controlled conditions.

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“…At present the analytical equipment used for the measurement of PAHs in soils mainly comprises gas chromatography (GC) (Kuosmanen et al, 2003;Sikalos and Paleologos, 2005;Zuazagoitia et al, 2009), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (Ma et al, 2005;Ozcan et al, 2009;Ene et al, 2012) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Chen et al, 2002;Lim et al, 2007;Yang et al, 2011). When GC is used for analysis of PAH components with high boiling points it needs higher temperatures to vaporize, and this may result in a discrimination effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of low levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil by high performance liquid chromatography with tandem fluorescence and diode-array detectors

et al. 2013

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h i g h l i g h t sWe set up a method for determination of low levels of 16 PAHs in soil. Analyses were performed by HPLC with fluorescence and diode-array detectors. The analytical performance of the proposed method were demonstrated. a r t i c l e i n f o Risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soil and source apportionment require accurate analysis of the concentration of each PAH congener in the soil. However, determination of low level PAH congeners in soil is difficult because of similarity in the chemical properties of 16 PAHs and severe matrix interferences due to complex composition of soils. It is therefore imperative to develop a sensitive and accurate method for determination of low level PAHs in soil. In this work, high performance liquid chromatography equipped with fluorescence and diode-array detectors (HPLC-FLD-DAD) was used to determine the concentration of 16 PAHs in soil. The separation of the 16 PAHs was achieved by optimization of the mobile phase gradient elution program and FLD wavelength switching program. Qualitative analysis of the 16 PAHs was based on the retention time (RT) and each PAH specific spectrum obtained from DAD. In contrast, the quantitative analysis of individual PAH congeners was based on the peak areas at the specific wavelength with DAD and FLD. Under optimal conditions the detection limit was in the range 1.0-9.5 lg L À1 for 16 PAHs with DAD and 0.01-0.1 lg L À1 for 15 PAHs with FLD, and the RSD of PAHs was less than 5% with DAD and 3% with FLD. The spiked recoveries were in the range 61-96%, with the exception of NaP (<40%). The results show that HPLC-FLD-DAD can provide more accurate and reliable analysis of low level PAH congeners in soil samples.

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Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in soils from Southeastern Romania

Cited by 26 publications

References 30 publications

Stable-Isotope Probing-Enabled Cultivation of the Indigenous Bacterium Ralstonia sp. Strain M1, Capable of Degrading Phenanthrene and Biphenyl in Industrial Wastewater

Stable-Isotope Probing-Enabled Cultivation of the Indigenous Bacterium Ralstonia sp. Strain M1, Capable of Degrading Phenanthrene and Biphenyl in Industrial Wastewater

Nitrogen Purge Condition for Simultaneous GC/MS Measurement of Chemicals

Determination of low levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil by high performance liquid chromatography with tandem fluorescence and diode-array detectors

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