Determination of inorganic compounds in drinking water on the basis of house water heater scale, part 1: Determination of heavy metals and uranium

Abstract

The analysis of scale originated from drinking water on the house water heater, showed that scale is basically calcium carbonate that crystallizes hexagonally in the form of calcite. Scale taken as a sample from different spots in Belgrade – upper town of Zemun (sample 1) and Pančevo (sample 2) showed different configuration although it came from the same waterworks. That indicates either that the water flowing through waterworks pipes in different parts of the city is not the same or the waterworks net is not the same (age, maintaining, etc). All the elements which are dominant in drinking water (Ca, Mg, K, and Na), and which could be found in water by natural processes, are by their content far below the values regulated by law. The analysis also showed the presence of many metals: Ti, Pb, Zn, Cu Li, Sr, Cd, and Cr in the first sample, which are not found in the scale taken near Pančevo. The results obtained by calculating the mass concentration in drinking water on the basis of scale content, showed that both waters belonged to the category of low mineral waters. Contents of inorganic substances in these waters (117.85 mg/dm3 for sample 1 or 80.83 mg/dm3 for sample 2) are twice lower than the values predicted by the legislation. Gammaspectrometric analysis indicates the presence of radioactive elements – uranium and strontium which can influence human health

Analysis of macro- and microelements in drinking water from the Pozarevac city public water supply system

“…Sastav tako dobijenog kamenca određen je upotrebom atomskog apsorpcionog spektrofotometra Perkin Elmer AAnalyst 300 Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, prema standardu SRPS B. B8.070:1970B8.070: (dopunjen sa SRPS B.B8.070:1982 (Rajković et al, 2004;Rajković et al, 2008a;Rajković et al, 2009).…”

“…Procena kratkoročnog zdravstvenog rizika izražena preko tolerantnog nedeljnog unosa (TNU), procenjenog nedeljnog unosa (PNU) i koeficijenta rizika (KR) za potencijalno toksične metale prikazana je u tabeli 6. Pri proceni kratkoročnog rizika po ljudsko zdravlje smatra se da visok rizik postoji ukoliko je koeficijent rizika za neki elemenat veći od 1 (WHO, 2011; Rajković et al, 2004;Kostić et al, 2016b;WHO, 1998;ATSDR, 1997).…”

Content analysis of macro- and micro-elements in water from Belgrade plumbing: Purified in Bezanija treatment plant: During the period of 2008-2015

“…Pri proceni kratkoročnog rizika po ljudsko zdravlje smatra se da visok rizik postoji ukoliko je koeficijenat rizika (KR) za neki elemenat veći od 1 [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41].…”

Identification of Metals (Heavy and Radioactive) in Drinking Water by an Indirect Analysis Method Based on Scale Tests

“…Therefore, the analysis of water has been made in an indirect way by determining the composition of scale developed from drinking water. The basic idea has been that metals (heavy and radioactive), originating from drinking water, can be detected in scale, but cannot also be detected in water if they are present in traces [ 5 - 10 ]. Thus, the content of metals in drinking water has been calculated in an indirect way based on the composition of the scale, the dry residue, obtained by heating drinking water to dryness.…”

“…Likewise, the objective has been to define the composition of the scale sample by means of the X-ray diffraction analysis of the scale powder, because scale is considered to be basically calcium carbonate, calcite [ 10 ].…”