Determination of in vivo velocity and endothelial shear stress patterns with phasic flow in human coronary arteries: A methodology to predict progression of coronary atherosclerosis

Non-Newtonian blood flow in human right coronary arteries: steady state simulations

“…The wall shear stress patterns differ most significantly when the flow is either slow or reversing, which is perhaps not surprising. This is in agreement with experimental observations (Asakura and Karino, 1990) as well as previous simulations which suggest that cycle averaged wall shear stress patterns are in good agreement with steady flow patters (Myers et al, 2001;van de Vosse et al, 2001;Feldman et al, 2002). Simulations presented here suggest that this is a reasonable approximation for about 70% of the cardiac cycle, ie from t = 0.30 to t = 1.00, ignoring the slight bumps around t = 0.43 and t = 0.63.…”

“…It should be noted that Figure 9 presents a different way of representing the flow to that presented previously (Feldman et al, 2002). Here the mixing which occurs during the cardiac cycle is demonstrated by the mixture of the coloured balls within the figure.…”

“…Here the mixing which occurs during the cardiac cycle is demonstrated by the mixture of the coloured balls within the figure. However, in (Feldman et al, 2002), particle traces at instances in time are given to show the complex nature of the flow.…”

“…Experimental and numerical investigation of these relationships has been the subject of recent reviews (Caro, 2001;Liepsch, 2002). Much of the early numerical modelling was focused on the carotid artery bifurcation (Perktold and Resch, 1990;Perktold et al, 1991b;Perktold et al, 1991a), but, recently, this focus has shifted to the right coronary artery, both in terms of simulation (Krams et al, 1997;Kirpalani et al, 1999;van Langenhove et al, 2000;Myers et al, 2001;Wentzel et al, 2003;Zeng et al, 2003) and experimentally (Krams et al, 1997;Ojha et al, 2001;Feldman et al, 2002;Zhu et al, 2003).…”

Endothelial shear stress from large-scale blood flow simulations

“…The analysis of pulsatile haemodynamics requires the investigation of the flow pattern in the time domain. Pulsatile flow is simulated by employing a time-dependent influx derived from physiological data [11]. At the inlet, the time-dependent signal is shown in figure 5, while at the outlets we retain the constant pressure condition.…”