Determination of human urinary organophosphate flame retardant metabolites by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Schindler, Birgit; Förster, Katrin; Angerer, Jürgen

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.12.030

Cited by 112 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The artifacts have not been specifically identified. Acceptable results were obtained for the derivatization using microwave as a heating source since the fragmentation patterns are comparable to those obtained by Santos et al [6], Hemakanthi et al [4], De Alwis et al [5], and Schindler et al [8], who using conventional derivatization. The highest peak areas and satisfactory repeatability were observed with the MAD output of 160 W and time 5 min, as showed in Fig.…”

Section: Derivatization Proceduressupporting

confidence: 77%

Dialkyl phosphates determination by gas chromatography: Evaluation of a microwave‐assisted derivatization†

Silvério

Machado

Boralli

et al. 2015

J of Separation Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dialkyl phosphates are organophosphate insecticide metabolites and their urinary analysis is useful for assessing human exposure to these compounds. This study presents a sample preparation method with microwave-assisted derivatization for two dialkyl phosphates to make the process faster before gas chromatographic analysis. The optimized conditions for derivatization procedure were: 250 μL of 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl bromide 3% in acetonitrile for derivative; microwave for 5 min with intensity of 160 W. The electron ionization mass spectrometric analysis was performed using a gas chromatography with mass spectrometry QP-2010 from the Shimadzu(®) equipped with RTx(®) -5MS capillary column. Ions were monitored at selected-ion monitoring mode at m/z 350 for diethyl thiophosphate and m/z 366 for diethyl dithiophosphate. The developed method was linear for both metabolites. The intra-assay precision was the values ranged between 1.1 and 9.1%, for diethyl thiophosphate, and between 4.06 and 6.9%, for diethyl dithiophosphate. The interassay precision showed relative standard deviation between 10.3 and 15.1%, for diethyl thiophosphate and between 4.9 and 11.9%, for diethyl dithiophosphate. The results obtained suggests that derivatization assisted by microwave, before gas chromatography with mass spectrometry analysis, can be applied to monitoring of exposure to organophosphates once is fast, sensible, and precise method to determinate dialkyl phosphates.

show abstract

Section: Derivatization Proceduressupporting

confidence: 77%

Dialkyl phosphates determination by gas chromatography: Evaluation of a microwave‐assisted derivatization†

Silvério

Machado

Boralli

et al. 2015

J of Separation Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another possible explanation suggests that the lower PFR levels in the present study are due to metabolic (in the eel) or environmental (in water and sediment) degradation. While PBDEs and HBCDs are very stable and degrade only slowly in the aquatic environment, PFR triesters can be dealkylated either via chemical hydrolysis or enzymatically via α-esterases and phosphorylphosphatases in the body (Schindler et al, 2009).…”

Section: Contamination Status Of Frsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organophosphorus flame retardants in the European eel in Flanders, Belgium: Occurrence, fate and human health risk

Malarvannan

Belpaire

Geeraerts

et al. 2015

Environmental Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Usually, the OPs are directly mixed into the materials and are not chemically bonded; therefore, they can be easily released or leached into the surrounding environment from the OP-containing products during manufacture, application, or disposal [4]. Their widespread application has resulted in extensive diffusion and ubiquitous distribution in the environment, for example, in air [8][9][10][11], wastewater and sludge [12][13][14], surface water [6,13,[15][16][17], groundwater [1], sediment [18][19][20], soil [7], and even the human body [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels and distributions of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in sediment from Taihu Lake, China

Cao

Zeng

Song

et al. 2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

210

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-The concentrations and distribution of seven organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers (OPs) were investigated in 28 sediment samples collected from Taihu Lake. The analytes were ultrasonically extracted, enriched using solid-phase extraction, and determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results indicated that the analytes were all detected in the sediments. The total concentrations of seven OPs ranged from 3.38 to 14.25 mg/kg, and tris (2-chloroiso-propyl) phosphate (TCPP), tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), and tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP) were the dominant compounds, with concentrations ranging from < limit of quantification to 2.27 mg/kg, 0.62 to 3.17 mg/kg, and 1.03 to 5.00 mg/kg, respectively. The highest concentration of total assessed OPs (14.25 mg/kg) was found at GH-5, with tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) as the main component at the sampling site. This result implied that there is an obvious emission source nearby at Suzhou City; in addition, human activities also play an important role in the concentration of OPs in the sediment.

show abstract

Determination of human urinary organophosphate flame retardant metabolites by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 112 publications

References 35 publications

Dialkyl phosphates determination by gas chromatography: Evaluation of a microwave‐assisted derivatization†

Dialkyl phosphates determination by gas chromatography: Evaluation of a microwave‐assisted derivatization†

Organophosphorus flame retardants in the European eel in Flanders, Belgium: Occurrence, fate and human health risk

Levels and distributions of organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers in sediment from Taihu Lake, China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About