Determination of gas–liquid reaction kinetics with a stirred cell reactor

Kucka, L.; Richter, Jonas; Kenig, Eugeny Y.; Górak, Andrzej

doi:10.1016/s1383-5866(02)00179-x

Cited by 81 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…7) [35][36][37] . Although gravimetric methods are typically used for solid sorbent investigations, that technique is complicated by water exchange in and out of the hybrid liquidsolid capsule system we investigate here.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encapsulated liquid sorbents for carbon dioxide capture

et al. 2015

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encapsulated liquid sorbents for carbon dioxide capture

et al. 2015

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“…To measure the activity and stability of the carbonic anhydrase, the enzyme was added to the MDEA solution and incubated at the specified incubation temperature. Periodically, the solution was removed from the incubator and adjusted to the assay temperature and assayed for activity using a stirred cell reactor (SCR) as described elsewhere (31). Briefly, 100 mL of enzyme plus MDEA solution was added to a 500-mL (total reactor volume) SCR.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the temperature and pressure reached equilibrium, the reactor was pressurized with carbon dioxide gas to about 10 pounds per square inch gauge (psig), after which the flow of CO 2 was stopped. The pressure drop with time (corresponding to the absorption of CO 2 into the solvent) was recorded, along with the temperature, and these data were used to calculate the overall rate constant for absorption (k OV ) using the equations described elsewhere (31). After the assay was complete, the solution was returned to the incubation temperature until the next assay was performed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directed evolution of an ultrastable carbonic anhydrase for highly efficient carbon capture from flue gas

Alvizo

Nguyen²,

Savile

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

156

124

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Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is one of nature's fastest enzymes and can dramatically improve the economics of carbon capture under demanding environments such as coal-fired power plants. The use of CA to accelerate carbon capture is limited by the enzyme's sensitivity to the harsh process conditions. Using directed evolution, the properties of a β-class CA from Desulfovibrio vulgaris were dramatically enhanced. Iterative rounds of library design, library generation, and high-throughput screening identified highly stable CA variants that tolerate temperatures of up to 107°C in the presence of 4.2 M alkaline amine solvent at pH >10.0. This increase in thermostability and alkali tolerance translates to a 4,000,000-fold improvement over the natural enzyme. At pilot scale, the evolved catalyst enhanced the rate of CO 2 absorption 25-fold compared with the noncatalyzed reaction.carbonic anhydrase | directed evolution | carbon capture R eleasing over 9 billion metric tons of CO 2 worldwide each year, coal-fired power plants are the leading anthropogenic source of CO 2 emission. A potential solution to reduce the release of CO 2 into the atmosphere is the implementation of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technology on coal-and natural-gas-fired power plants. Currently, one of the most viable postcombustion CCS technology options uses an amine solvent to remove CO 2 from the flue gas (1). Unfortunately, the large amount of energy required to release the CO 2 and regenerate the solvent would significantly increase the cost of electricity generated (2). The ideal solvent capture process uses a solvent such as an aqueous amine with fast CO 2 absorption kinetics and a low heat of desorption to minimize the solvent regeneration energy. However, a high rate of CO 2 absorption kinetics for an amine solvent correlates with a higher temperature of desorption, whereas solvents with low heat of desorption tend to have much slower adsorption kinetics (3, 4).With reaction rates approaching the limits of diffusion, carbonic anhydrase (CA) is one of the fastest enzymes known. The active site of CAs can turnover CO 2 and water to bicarbonate and a proton up to a million times per second, and are used by almost every living organism to maintain pH balance and transport carbon dioxide. It has been shown that CAs can be used to accelerate the capture of CO 2 (5) by serving as a catalyst in alkaline capture solvents with slow absorption kinetics (6, 7). The potential improvements of CAs on CCS process economics stems from several considerations. The faster absorption and desorption kinetics allows for smaller processing equipment with reduced capital and operating costs (6). The improved kinetics also allows the use of lower temperature capture and solvent regeneration process conditions, and decreases energy losses in the capture process. Another benefit is the improved range of solvent candidates with attractive thermochemical stability (e.g., low vapor pressure, low formation of heat stable salts, etc.), but otherwise unacceptable unca...

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“…29,46 The equation derived from Perry (1973), and reported by Mandel (2010), is quite often used for engineering purpose: 16 Using their values of C 2 and C 3 (respectively 0.11 and 0.66), a value of C 1 equal to 0.542, 23% lower than the one found by Kucka et al, was determined by numerical resolution (the model is represented in Fig. 3).…”

Section: Kl Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique has been widely applied to determine reaction rate constants involved in chlorine hydrolysis, H 2 S absorption in chlorine solution, flue desulfurization, NOx absorption or CO 2 capture in amine solutions. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Most of time, reactive absorption is applied using (i) batch reactors in which the gas and liquid phases are separated by a flat interface (stirred-cell reactor). The absorption rate, and consecutively the reaction rate, are deduced 4 pressure at the contactor outlet was nearly identical to the inlet one, and only the reactant concentration decay over time was recorded to determine the mass-transfer and chemical reaction rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of a Stirred-Cell Reactor Operated Semicontinuously for the Kinetic Study of Fast Direct Ozonation Reactions by Reactive Absorption

Dang

Biard

Couvert

2016

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A jacketed stirred-cell reactor, operated semi-continuously, was used to assess the kinetics of fast ozonation reactions by reactive absorption. The method was applied to the direct ozone reaction with resorcinol. A high resorcinol concentration was used to reach a steady state and to neglect the byproducts accumulation. Thus, the mass-transfer rate, and consecutively the reaction rate, were deduced from the ozone mass balance in the gas phase. The gas-phase and liquid-phase mass-transfer coefficients were previously measured directly through the ozone absorption in appropriated conditions. The results emphasized the high sensitivity of the reaction rate constant to the ozone physicochemical properties, especially its solubility, which is controversial in the literature. Therefore, several correlations used to calculate the ozone solubility in water were considered to calculate the second-order reaction rate constant, which varied from 3.57-4.68 10 5 L mol -1 s -1 at 20°C to 9.50-12.2 10 5 L mol -1 s -1 at 35°C. The activation energy was in the range 35-59 kJ mol -1 depending on the considered ozone solubility correlation. A sensitivity analysis is provided to assess the influence of the experimental conditions and ozone physicochemical properties on the model. Finally, the applicability of this method is thoroughly discussed.2

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Determination of gas–liquid reaction kinetics with a stirred cell reactor

Cited by 81 publications

References 22 publications

Encapsulated liquid sorbents for carbon dioxide capture

Encapsulated liquid sorbents for carbon dioxide capture

Directed evolution of an ultrastable carbonic anhydrase for highly efficient carbon capture from flue gas

Assessment of a Stirred-Cell Reactor Operated Semicontinuously for the Kinetic Study of Fast Direct Ozonation Reactions by Reactive Absorption

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