Determination of Femtogram-Level Plutonium Isotopes in Environmental and Forensic Samples with High-Level Uranium Using Chemical Separation and ICP-MS/MS Measurement

Abstract

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Trends and Advances in Inductively Coupled Plasma Tandem Quadruple Mass Spectrometry (ICP-QMS/QMS) With Reaction Cell

“…Research fields and objectives. The research fields of the above references covered biology, 1-15 energy, 16 environment, 9,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] food/medical, 10-12,25-27,33-40 geology, 28,41-47 material, [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60] and radionulide, 4,[22][23][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71] respectively. In addition to these conventional elemental analysis topics, a study on the gas phase catalytic reaction has also been reported by using the reaction cell of ICP-QMS/QMS as the in-situ reaction field.…”

Pushing Limits of ICP–MS/MS for the Determination of Ultralow 236U/238U Isotope Ratios

“…Their observations are in good agreement with our findings: for similar experimental conditions (APEX Ω and O 2 in the CRC) we obtained a hydride rate in the same order of magnitude, ~0.15×10 -6 (Figure 1). Hou et al 45 also observed a significant hydride decrease with the use of the APEX Ω compared to other introduction systems. The hydride decrease with the use of the APEX Ω can be explained by the presence of a helical EPTFE fluoropolymer membrane desolvator, allowing a more efficient removal of solvent and matrix components of a sample than what the APEX-HF is capable of.…”

“…Typical hydride values without gas in the CRC and by using an APEX-HF were determined at about 25×10 -6 (Figure 1), which is in good agreement with previous studies. 34,45,58 Moreover, the N 2 gas in the APEX-HF was tested at different flow rates and, as it can be seen in figure 1, its use has not led to a hydride reduction. One parameter that influences the hydride formation rate is the molarity of the nitric acid of the analysed solution.…”

Analyzing alpha emitting isotopes of Pu, Am and Cm from NPP water samples: an intercomparison of Nordic radiochemical laboratories

“…Pu, Am, and Cm [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Alternatively, ICP-MS is an attractive method for measurement of long-lived transuranic element radioisotopes, especially to measure 239 Pu and 240 Pu individually [2,4,5,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Due to similar alpha decay energies of 239 Pu and 240 Pu, these nuclides are difficult to be discriminated in alpha spectrometry, although it is possible to resolve 239 Pu from 240 Pu in an alpha spectrum by using thin target prepared by electrodeposition [31][32][33][34][35].…”