Determination of antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing activities of water and ethanol extracts of propolis

Abstract

Quorum Sensing is a special system between bacteria to communicate with the signal molecules. Propolis is a resin collected from plants by honey bees. The present study examined anti-quorum sensing and antimicrobial activities of water and ethanol extracts of propolis. The antimicrobial activities of the propolis extracts were studied against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 Gram (-), Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, Streptococcus mutans CNCTC 8/77, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 Gram (+), Candida albicans ATCC 10239 (yeast) by the well diffusion method. Anti-quorum sensing activity, violacein inhibition activity, and anti-swarming activity were studied using Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 and C. violaceum ATCC 112472, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA01) respectively. Both propolis extracts were detected antibacterial activity against Gram (+) bacteria and Candida albicans. However, antibacterial activity against Gram (-) bacteria were not observed. While the antimicrobial activity of water extract propolis was determined more effectively than ethanol extract, anti-quorum sensing and anti-swarming activities less effective. It was also detected that both extracts display violacein inhibition. It was revealed that the antimicrobial, anti-quorum sensing, anti-swarming activity depended on the dose of propolis extracts. Thirty-six phenolic compounds were analysed of propolis extract by HPLC-DAD. The amount and presence of phenolic compounds in the ethanol extract were more than the water extract apart from benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, syringic acid, (±) epigallocatechin, vitexin, rutin, and trans-chalcone. Consequently, the study put forward that the phenolic compounds of propolis have antibacterial, anti-quorum sensing, violacein inhibition, and anti-swarming activities changing depend on directly the extraction solvent and phenolic compounds.

Antibiofilm and Anti-Quorum Sensing Potential of Cycloartane-Type Triterpene Acids from Cameroonian Grassland Propolis: Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Crude Extract

“…Some propolis samples exhibited quorum sensing inhibitory (QSI) activity using the acyl-homoserine lactone-dependent Chromobacterium violaceum strain CV026, and one of the extracts showed a chemical profile with a high content of terpenoids [ 66 ]. Terpenoids and phenolic compounds contained in natural products are usually responsible for the anti-QS activity, and all these classes are contained in propolis and propolis samples containing various phenolic and terpenoid components that have been reported for anti-QS activity, violacein inhibition, and swarming/swimming motilities inhibition [ 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 ]. Bacterial motility is a quorum sensing mediated process that involves swarming and swimming movements, powered by flagella in bacteria such as P. aeruginosa PA01, which enables them to move to and attach themselves on surfaces before colonizing the surfaces and establishing biofilms [ 9 , 71 , 72 ].…”

Exemplifying the next generation of antibiotic susceptibility intensifiers of phytochemicals by LasR-mediated quorum sensing inhibition

“…Galangin is flavanol found in several medicinal plants and has a rich literature on its antibacterial activity against S. aureus 35 . There are evidences for this compound to interfere natural microbial QS [36][37][38] . Another flavonoid kaempferol is a phytochemical commonly found in tea, spinach, kale, broccoli, and beans which is well known to interact with estrogen receptor and modulate its function.…”

Citrus Honeys from Three Different Regions of Turkey: HPLC‐DAD Profiling and in Vitro Enzyme Inhibition, Antioxidant, Anti‐Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Properties with Chemometric Study

“…The antimicrobial activity of citrus honey samples was performed using agar well diffusion method in the studies of Magaldi et al [74] . and Sorucu et al [75] . The test microorganisms were activated in the above media at appropriate temperatures for 24 h. Petri dishes containing 20 mL of Muller Hinton agar were prepared previously and inoculated with 0.1 mL of 24 h broth culture of test microorganisms.…”

“…For in vitro antimicrobial activity was selected Candida tropicalis and Candida albicans strains and Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Listeria monocytogenes bacteria. The antimicrobial activity of citrus honey samples was performed using agar well diffusion method in the studies of Magaldi et al [74] and Sorucu et al [75] The test microorganisms were activated in the above media at appropriate temperatures for 24 h. Petri dishes containing 20 mL of Muller Hinton agar were prepared previously and inoculated with 0.1 mL of 24 h broth culture of test microorganisms. After this stage, the plates were kept in the refrigerator for 30 min.…”