Determinants of income diversification in flood-prone rural Pakistan

Memon, Manzoor Hussain; Ali, Muhammad; Khalil, Samina

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101914

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Secondly, in these traditional societies women are ignored more specific in financial decisions and just allowed to perform limited participation in society like home management, childcare and domestic chores and not treated uniformly like modern societies. This scenario illustrated the significant role of men as compared to women in diversification of livelihood as these results alike to the studies of Larson et al, 371 (2015), Mintewab et al, (2010) and Memon et al, (2020).…”

Section: Household Head Gender Statussupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Farmer's preference in the direction of above stated strategies is linked by different rural households' characteristics like their climatic risk belief (reorganization and perception of livelihood risk) and socioeconomic characteristics. Diversification approach most probably adopted by the farmers those are more conscious of livelihood risk, more trained and more resourceful (Memon et al, 2020;. Despite the factors of livelihood diversification there might be definite financial margins, asymmetries of information and constraints of resources that possibly limit rural population capability to pursue different livelihood preferences.…”

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catastrophic Risks Management via Livelihood Diversification From Flood-prone Areas of Punjab, Pakistan

Ahmad

Afzal

2021

Preprint

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Agricultural lower productivity regardless of significant agricultural policy measures is considered major issue in mostly developing countries like Pakistan. These policies first and foremost focused on-farm development whereas the rich aspect of off-farm diversification is mostly overlooked. In mitigating climate change unpleasant impacts and dipping hunger, small farmers’ livelihood diversification performs considerable role. This study aimed to investigate the diversification of livelihood to managing catastrophic risks in rural farmers of Punjab, Pakistan. This research work used the data of 398 flood prone households from two higher risk flood prone districts of Punjab and employed logistic regression model for empirical estimation of the study. In managing catastrophic risks, majority of respondents almost 57% put into practice off-farm diversification of livelihood strategies whereas 44.5% adopted on-farm livelihood diversification strategies. Empirical estimates of logistic model illustrated as demographic, socioeconomic, risk perception and institutional characteristics considerably affect the farmers’ preference of diversification of livelihood. Results also highlighted the accessibility of inadequate labour force, poor roads and market infrastructure, be short of credit access, inadequate institutional support, restricted training and skills, limited natural resources and climate uncertainties and risks are some significant constraints in adopting the livelihood diversification in the study area. This research work advocated the necessitate for forcefully adoption the policies of climate change such as getting better services access, focus training initiatives, improved infrastructure and increasing institutional assistance. State based adoption of accurate policy measures and suitable deliberation so as to promote livelihood diversification as a part of enhancing national jobs to get better numerous livelihoods and save lives, as small farmers’ livelihood possibly will improve.

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Section: Household Head Gender Statussupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catastrophic Risks Management via Livelihood Diversification From Flood-prone Areas of Punjab, Pakistan

Ahmad

Afzal

2021

Preprint

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“…These variables are divided into Human capital, Natural capital, Financial capital, Social capital and Physical capital on the first level. Furthermore, based on the context of the research area and referring to the domestic and foreign literature [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ], sub-indicators of each first-level indicators are identified and categorized (see Table 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the damages and losses caused by flood impact occur in the housing structure, and the age of housing increases the vulnerability of flood impact [ 21 ]. Studies have also shown that families with a relatively high number of income members may have diversified income combinations [ 22 ]. High income and income diversification can also improve families’ ability to cope with and recover from floods, and reduce their social vulnerability to floods [ 21 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Livelihood Capital Effects on Famers’ Strategy Choices in Flood-Prone Areas—A Study in Rural China

Tan

Feng

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The global climate change has resulted in huge flood damages, which seriously hinders the sustainable development of rural economy and society and causes famers’ livelihood problems. In flood-prone areas, it is imperative to actively study short and long-term strategies and solve farmers’ livelihood problems accordingly. Following the sustainable development analysis framework proposed by the Department for International Development (DFID), this study collects empirical data of 360 rural households in six sample villages in the Jialing River Basin of Sichuan Province, China through a village-to-household field questionnaire and applies the Multinominal Logit Model (MNL) to explore the influence of farmer households’ capital on livelihood strategy choice. Research results show that: (1) In human capital category, the education level of the household head has a significant positive impact on the livelihood strategies of farmers’ families; (2) In physical capital category, farmer households with larger space have more funds to choose among flood adaptation strategies; (3) In natural capital category, house location and the sale of family property for cash have the greatest negative impact on farmers’ livelihood strategies; (4) Rural households with more credit opportunities in financial capital are more willing to obtain emergency relief funds; (5) Farmers’ families helped by the village for a long time will probably not choose to move to avoid floods, but are more likely to choose buying flood insurance. This study provides an empirical reference for effective short and long term prevention and mitigation strategies design and application in rural in flood-prone areas.

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“…Rural areas have a high vulnerability compared to urban areas, as in the study of Yang et al (2018). Vulnerability will be higher in rural areas because the livelihoods of rural communities in the agricultural sector depend on nature (Memon et al, 2020;Maganga et al, 2021;Ahmadi et al, 2022). Other social, economic, political, and disease conditions can also lead to vulnerability, and the relationship that causes vulnerability can be associated with social, economic, and environmental categories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated rural socio-economic vulnerability analysis in Lampung Province

Yuliawan

Hakim²,

Juanda³

et al. 2022

JES

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One of the common characteristics of rural areas is their vulnerability to socio-economic and environmental shocks. Therefore, rural development policies should consider these features to take full advantage of the benefits of rural development. This study aims to develop a pastoral assessment based on the TOPSIS-Etropy-Inhomogeneity Method. This research was conducted in Lampung Province using data at the regency level. The data uses village data from the 2018 Village Potential Survey (PODES). The results show that rural areas' exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity factors play an essential role in rural development regarding vulnerability and resilience. Pesisir Barat, Mesuji, and Tulang Bawang Regencies are highly susceptible to low adaptation factors such as difficult access to health centers, inadequate credit facilities from the government, quiet village anticipation and mitigation, and a lack of security systems. The lowest vulnerabilities are in Tanggamus and North Lampung Regencies with common sensitivity factors, where people with malnutrition, persons with disabilities, households living in slums, and the habit of not using river water or the like for drinking or cooking have lower scores. In addition, other factors contribute to vulnerability, and these factors should be considered in rural development policies

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Determinants of income diversification in flood-prone rural Pakistan

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Catastrophic Risks Management via Livelihood Diversification From Flood-prone Areas of Punjab, Pakistan

Catastrophic Risks Management via Livelihood Diversification From Flood-prone Areas of Punjab, Pakistan

Livelihood Capital Effects on Famers’ Strategy Choices in Flood-Prone Areas—A Study in Rural China

Integrated rural socio-economic vulnerability analysis in Lampung Province

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