Determinants of cigarette smoking among school adolescents in eastern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

BackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) attributes more than 4 million deaths a year to tobacco, and it is expected that this figure will rise to 10 million deaths a year by 2020. Moreover, it is now a growing public health problem in the developing world.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of cigarette use and its determinant factors among high school students in eastern Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using structured self-administered questionnaires among 1,721 school adolescents in Harar town, eastern Ethiopia. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine associations.ResultsThe analysis revealed that prevalence of ever cigarette smoking was 12.2% (95% CI 10.8% - 13.9%). Reasons mentioned for smoking cigarettes were for enjoyment (113, 52.8%), for trial (92, 42.9%), and for other reasons (9, 4.3%). The main predictors of cigarette smoking were sex (OR 4.32; 95% CI 2.59-7.22), age (OR 1.20; 95% CI 1.05-1.38) and having friends who smoke (OR 8.14; 95% CI 5.19-12.70). Living with people who smoke cigarettes was not significantly associated with smoking among adolescents (OR 1.25; 95% CI 0.81-1.92).ConclusionThis study concluded that high proportion of school adolescents in Harar town smoked cigarettes. Sex, age and peer influence were identified as important determinants of smoking. There is a need for early cost-effective interventions and education campaigns that target secondary school students.

Psychosocial Determinants of Smoking among Adolescents in Al-Rifa’i City

“…The current study included a total number of (370) smoking adolescents who participate in this study, their mean age was 16.8 with the most group ages of the participant were (17-19) years, and this finding is similar to Karimy et al, 2013 study, it found that the mean age for participants is 16.49 (12) also Reda et al, 2012 did find the same result and his research stated that the mean age is 16.4 years (13) , in addition to that the most of the participants were living in urban areas and that the same finding result of Amin et al, 2011 found that the urban students were more the half of the participants (14) . Moreover, the dominant marital status of the smoking adolescents was the single status Reda et al, 2012 had mentioned that in his study where the most of his participants were single (13) , that result was expected because of the nature of the Iraqi society and the age of the participants in this period of life it is usually to be single.…”

“…Moreover, the dominant marital status of the smoking adolescents was the single status Reda et al, 2012 had mentioned that in his study where the most of his participants were single (13) , that result was expected because of the nature of the Iraqi society and the age of the participants in this period of life it is usually to be single.…”

Fatores associados ao uso regular de cigarros por adolescentes estudantes de escolas públicas de Londrina, Paraná, Brasil

“…Um dos principais resultados deste estudo aponta para a relação entre possuir amigos fumantes e o uso regular de cigarros entre os adolescentes. Esses dados concordam com os de outros estudos realizados no Brasil 12,15,16,17 e nos Estados Unidos 14,18,19,20 , entre outros países 21,22,23,24 . Pesquisa que avaliou, qualitativamente, os fatores socioculturais associados à iniciação e cessação do uso do tabaco mostrou que a pressão dos amigos foi um dos mais importantes fatores de influência para a iniciação e uso regular do cigarro 25 .…”

Trends in Smoking among University Students between 2005-2012 in Sakarya, Turkey

“…Overall prevalence was higher than Çukurova but significantly lower than Sivas, Eskişehir students' smoking prevalence during those years (Metintaş et al, 1998;Saatci, et al, 2004;Demirel et al, 2005). Significant difference between genders have been found in previous studies and mainly attributed to traditional gender roles in Turkish culture which still has influence despite changing social and economic status (Saatci et al, 2004;Erbaydar et al, 2005). In the 2012-2013 educational year there was significant decrease of smoking prevalence; from 26.9% to 18.5%.…”

“…In our study population, the odds of being smoker were high if a student was male, had smoker mother/ sibling/peer, had low school success, was of low familial income, or lived at places except for dormitories although these correlates of being smoker are not peculiar to Turkish university students. All around the world tobacco consumption studies revealed these associates of smoking (Kabir, 2007;Binu et al, 2010;Cai et al, 2012;Reda et al, 2012;Hussain et al, 2013;Kaleta et al, 2013;Karimy et al, 2013).…”