Determinants of breast cancer knowledge among newly diagnosed, low‐income, medically underserved women with breast cancer

Abstract

Polypropylene (PP)‐clay nanocomposites were obtained and studied by using three different coupling agents, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), acrylic acid (AA), and maleic anhydride (MA). Three different clays, natural montmorillonite (Cloisite Na+) and chemically modified clays Cloisite 20A and Cloisite 30B, have also been used. Nanocomposites were prepared by melt‐blending in a twin‐screw extruder using two mixing methods: two‐step mixing and one‐step mixing. The relative influence of each factor was observed from structural analysis by WAXD, POM, TEM, and mechanical properties. The results were analyzed in terms of the effect of each compatibilizing agent and incorporation method in the clay dispersion and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite. Experimental results showed that clay dispersion and interfacial adhesion are greatly affected by the kind of matrix modification. The polarity and reactivity of polar groups give as a result better interfacial adhesion and subsequent mechanical performance. PP‐g‐GMA and PP‐g‐MA were better compatibilizing agents than PP‐g‐AA. Better dispersion and exfoliation for the nanoclays were obtained when using two‐step mixing than one‐step mixing conditions. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 4748–4756, 2006

Fatores associados à adesão e à persistência na hormonioterapia em mulheres com câncer de mama

“…Among the variety of methods to estimate the A & P, those based on retrospective data are still more used due to their easiness of calculation and low cost, besides presenting closer rates to the real ones, when compared with studies that use direct methods to determine such behaviors 14,28,29 . Regarding persistence estimates, we need to relativize the results, given the adopted concept considers the interruption of treatment for more than or 60 days.…”

The association of race/ethnicity, insurance status, and socioeconomic factors with breast cancer care

“…Patient factors, such as difficulty accessing care even with insurance, 28 mistrust of the medical system, [28][29][30] and differing preferences may be important. 30,31 Disparities in care are also influenced by the characteristics of physicians 32 and hospitals 33 from which patients obtain care. Once breast cancer is diagnosed, patients must navigate through surgical, radiation oncology, and medical oncology visits and must carefully consider adjuvant treatment options.…”

“…Decisions are often time-intensive, complicated, and nuanced, and effective communication is crucial. 30,31 Moreover, such complex care may be particularly challenging for patients with limited social support, superseding life stressors, or medical comorbidities.…”

What Influences Diagnostic Delay in Low-Income Women with Breast Cancer?

“…Details about the study flow and research design have been published previously. 33 In brief, participants were interviewed by phone 6 months after enrollment in the BCCTP. Women who did not speak English or Spanish, had a previous history of BC, or were receiving treatment for another cancer were excluded from the study.…”

“…30,31 Aspects of patient communication, such as asking questions 11 and understanding the need for follow-up of a breast abnormality on mammogram, 32 have been shown to be significantly associated with appropriate follow-up care. Further, although patient self-efficacy in communicating with physicians has not been investigated in the context of delayed care, it has been shown to predict receipt of BC knowledge, 33 receipt of breast reconstructive surgery, 34 decreased BC treatmentrelated symptoms, 35 and quality of life in low-income prostate cancer patients. 36 Ability to adequately interface with the healthcare system and healthcare providers, which could minimize diagnostic delay, may be particularly compromised in low-income, less-educated populations of women.…”