Determinants of Adolescent Hookah Pipe Use: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Adolescent hookah pipe use is increasing at a rapid rate, thus posing a major public health concern globally. The hookah pipe is a gateway substance to other substances that may be more harmful. Yet, at present, little is known about why adolescents are so drawn to this mechanism. It is this gap that this study attempted to fill. This study, therefore, aimed to review the determinants of adolescent hookah pipe use. An electronic search of 12 databases identified studies investigating determinants of adolescent hookah pipe use. Twentyfive studies sampling a total of 88,988 adolescents who use the hookah pipe were included. This study found that adolescent hookah pipe use is determined by an interplay of family factors, peer/friends factors, individual factors, school factors, the actual hookah pipe mechanism, advertisements, and awareness of hookah pipe lounges or bars. Prevention and early intervention strategies aimed at reducing adolescent hookah pipe use is needed.

Epidemiology of Non-communicable Diseases and Risk factors in South African Adolescents and Youth Living with HIV: Implications for Integrated Prevention

“…Furthermore, almost half of those in the youngest age group reported at least occasional cigarette smoking in the past month and used more alternative tobacco products like water-pipes compared to older age groups. Young adolescents in South Africa increasingly use water-pipes (known as hookah pipes) which are often available without restriction [195,196]. Our results likely re ect trends in the Western Cape -the province with the highest prevalence of tobacco smoking in South Africa-where a quarter of school-going youth are current smokers [38] and the mean age of smoking initiation is signi cantly lower than the national average at 14.5 years [21].…”