Determinants of Acute Diarrheal Disease Among Under-Five Children in Pawi Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2013/14

Abstract

Background: Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among under-five children nationally and globally. This study identified determinants of acute diarrheal disease among under-five children using hierarchical logistic regression. Objective: This study was conducted to identify determinants for hospitalization of children with acute diarrhea in Pawi Hospital, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Northwest Ethiopia, 2013/14. Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was performed on 148 cases and 442 controls. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. Both bivariate and hierarchical logistic multivariate analyses were carried out to identify the determinants of acute diarrheal. Results: Determinants for acute diarrheal disease were identified. Rural residence [AOR=6.8, 95%CI= (3.3, 14)], mothers having a low education [AOR=4.0, 95%CI= (1.5, 11.0)], living in a non-model households [AOR=2, 95%CI= (1.1, 4.0)] were from socioeconomic variables. Improper child stool disposal [AOR=2. 7, 95%CI= (1.5, 4.8)], not treating water at home [AOR=2. 5, 95%CI= (1.3, 4.6)] were among the environmental sanitation factors. Child`s age 6-11 moths [AOR=3.8, 95%CI= (1.7, 8.9)], bottle feeding [AOR=10, 95%CI= (4.6, 21.9)], being malnourished [AOR=2.3, 95% CI= (1.3, 3.91)], and maternal diarrhea [AOR=8. 8, 95%CI= (4.0, 19.0)] were determinants of acute diarrheal disease in under fives. Conclusions: Acute diarrhea is influenced by factors from all hierarchical levels. Therefore, Avoiding bottle feeding and interpersonal transmission, strengthening women's education, improving child nutrition; maximizing the health extension package model households and treating water at home are recommended with more emphasis on rural living children.

Determinants of Diarrheal Diseases among Under Five Children in Jimma Geneti District, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, 2020: a case-control study

“…The result of this study was similar to the study findings conducted in Ethiopia Harar Town, Medebay Zana District, and Pawi Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia (13,19,26). The fact that parents/legal guardians are the most food handlers of the family and the main childcare providers; hence, the possibility of diarrheal diseases among children with parents/legal guardians who had diarrheal diseases is a usual event.…”

“…Town, Medebay Zana District, and Pawi Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia (13,19,26 The result of this study also revealed that households who improperly utilized latrine were 2 times more likely at risk to develop diarrheal diseases among under-five children compared to households that utilized latrine properly. This result was comparable with the study finding reported from West Gojjam of Ethiopia (12) and Kawangware Slum in Nairobi County, Kenya (27).…”

“…In spite of all advances in health technology, improved management, and increased use of oral rehydration therapy in the past decades, diarrheal diseases still continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality and there is no dramatically changed evidence whether the health extension strategy has been made an effect on the risk factors of childhood diarrhea (11). And studies done in different parts of Ethiopia had shown that diarrhea is still a major public health concern (12,13).…”

Food Safety Practice and Its Associated Factors among Mothers in Debarq Town, Northwest Ethiopia: Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

“…Thus, considerable gap exists between the level of knowledge on the one hand and the levels of attitude and practice among mothers in Debarq. More or less similar gap in hand washing knowledge and practice prevails in other places in Ethiopia [35, 51, 52]. Not only does the disparity between the food safety related knowledge and practice exist in Ethiopia but it is a phenomenon in other developing countries as well [53–57].…”

Causes and Risk Factors of Hospitalization among Under-five Children in Kassala, Eastern Sudan

“…Breastfeeding, particularly when exclusive and prolonged, protects against severe morbidities such as diarrhea and respiratory infections [4]. Various studies documented that bottle-feeding is associated with child morbidity (e.g., diarrhea, respiratory infection, and allergies) and mortality [9], [10], [43], [44], [45], [46]. For example, in Sudan, bottle-fed children were at high risk of malnutrition and hospitalization due to infectious causes as 83.3% of hospitalized children used bottle feeding [9].…”