Determinantes das atitudes do eleitorado brasileiro com relação à privatização e aos serviços públicos

Abstract

Este trabalho investiga possíveis efeitos do processo de privatização de empresas estatais, levado à cabo pelo governo FHC, sobre as atitudes e opiniões do eleitorado brasileiro acerca da presença do Estado na economia. O estudo utiliza um survey pós-eleitoral realizado no final do ano de 2002, que constitui a base de dados ESEB (Estudo Eleitoral Brasileiro), patrocinada pela CAPES. A investigação está centrada na análise dos padrões de respostas dados pelos entrevistados, quando solicitados a opinar sobre qual setor - iniciativa privada ou governo - deveria ser responsável pelo provimento de diferentes serviços e produtos à população. A análise encontrou uma forte coerência nessas respostas, o que permitiu produzir uma escala de atitudes relativa à privatização. Ademais, foi possível estabelecer correlações significativas entre essas atitudes e a campanha eleitoral de 2002, particularmente o voto declarado pelo eleitor.<br>This paper analyzes the possible impacts of the privatization process implemented by the Brazilian former President, Fernando Henrique, over the attitudes and opinions held by Brazilian electorate regarding the presence of the state in the economy. Te paper uses a post-electoral survey from 2002 - The ESEB (Brazilian Electoral Study) data-base - supported by CAPES Foundation. The inquiry carried out in the paper centers on different patterns found in the answers given by the respondents when asked which sector - either government or private one - should be in charge of providing different products and services. The study found out an impressive degree of coherence in the answers given by the respondents, which were used to propose a scale for different attitudes regarding the privatization process. Furthermore, it was possible to establish significant correlation between this attitude and the electoral campaign and the declared vote of the respondent

Institutions and Policy Choices: The New Left in Brazil

“…2 These results are confirmed by other surveys that considered Brazilians' attitudes towards the role of the state in the economy at the time of the key 2002 presidential election. One survey found a clear majority of respondents in favor of public responsibility for supply across two of out three sectors of the economy, education, electricity, and automobiles: 61percent of respondents supported public responsibility in at least two of these three sectors (Balbachevsky & Holzhacker, 2006). 3 In the summer of 2002 Lula issued a "Letter to the Brazilian People" to diffuse mounting concerns about his intentions.…”