“…As shown in the inset in Fig. 4, a broad linear relationship between the differences in the ECL intensity and the logarithm of concentration of VEGF 165 in the range of 1 pM to 20 nM with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.996, and the linear fitting equation is ΔI¼882.14-1432.2 lg [c], where ΔI is I 0 À I, c is the concentration of VEGF 165 ; this range was wider than those in previous reports (Zhao et al, 2012;Freeman et al, 2012;Kopra et al, 2014;Mita et al, 2014;Cho et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2014). Detection limit was experimentally estimated to be 0.2 pM, which was lower than that in fluorescence (Freeman et al, 2012;Kopra et al, 2014) and electrochemical method (Nonaka et al, 2012) (the detailed comparison of the analytical performance for VEGF 165 detection by using our strategy and those reported in the literature is summarized in Table 1).…”