Detection of Salmonella from Layer Flocks and Typing of the Isolates

Abstract

ÖzetÇalışmada, farklı yetiştirme dönemlerindeki yumurtacı tavuklarda Salmonella aranmasında farklı metotların değerlendirilmesi, elde edilen izolatların serotiplendirilmesi, ribotiplendirilmesi ve antibiyotiplendirilmesi ile Salmonella yaygınlığının belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Bu amaçla, 58 adet ticari yumurtacı tavuk kümesinden yetiştirmenin 15., 25. ve 40. haftalık dönemlerinde alınan toplam 174 adet drag svap örneği, Salmonella varlığı açısından standart kültür metodu olan ISO (ISO 6579:2002/Amd 1:2007 -ISO) ve 2 farklı gerçek zamanlı polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (rPCR) sistemi (Light Cycler SYBR Green I rPCR -LCSGIrPCR ve DuPont BAX Q7 rPCR -BAXrPCR) kullanılarak analiz edildi. İncelenen 58 kümesin 17 adedi (%29.31), 174 adet drag svap örneğinin 15. ve 25. haftalık dönemlerde 6'şar (%3.44 ve %3.44), 40. haftada ise 10 adedi (%5.74) olmak üzere toplam 22'si (%12.62) her 3 metotla Salmonella yönünden pozitif olarak bulundu. Elde edilen 22 adet Salmonella izolatının 20'sinin (%90.90) Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica olup 9'unun Enteritidis (SE) (%40.9), 7'sinin Infantis (SI) (%31.8), 1'inin Hadar (%4.5), 1'inin Montevideo (%4.5), 1'inin Colombo (%4.5) ve 1'inin de Spartel (%4.5) serovarı olduğu, 2'sinin (%9.10) ise Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae ile Salmonella enterica subsp. houtenae alttürlerine ait olduğu belirlendi. Ayrıca izolatların test edilen 24 antibiyotiğin 23'üne karşı direnç oluşturduğu, en yüksek direnç oranının Ampicillin (%100), Neomycin (%100), Penicillin G (%100) ve Erythromycin'e (%95.45) karşı olduğu saptandı. Çalışmanın sonucunda, yumurtacı tavuklarda Salmonella'nın hızlı deteksiyonunda LCSGIrPCR ve BAXrPCR sistemlerinin ISO metodunu destekleyici olarak kullanılabileceği, incelenen tüm yetiştirme dönemlerinde Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica varlığının yüksek olduğu belirlendi.Anahtar sözcükler : Salmonella, Yumurtacı tavuk, Drag svap, ISO, Real-time PCR, Serotiplendirme, Ribotiplendirme, Antibiyotiplendirme Detection of Salmonella from Layer Flocks and Typing of the Isolates AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate different detection methods in determining Salmonella prevalence in layers of various rearing periods, and to serotype, ribotype and antibiotype the isolates. For this, 174 drag swab samples taken from 58 commercial layer flocks of 15, 25, and 40 week age were analyzed for Salmonella by ISO standard culture method (ISO 6579:2002/Amd 1:2007 and by 2 real time polymerase chain reaction (rPCR) systems (Light Cycler SYBR Green I rPCR -LCSGIrPCR and DuPont BAX Q7 rPCR -BAXrPCR). Seventeen out of 58 (29.31%) flock samples, and 6 of the 15 th and 25 th weeks' (3.44% and 3.44%), and 10 (5.74%) of the 40 th week's drag swab samples were Salmonella positive by all 3 methods. Twenty out of 22 Salmonella isolates (90.90%) were Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, including serovars of 9 Enteritidis (SE) (40.9%), 7 Infantis (SI) (31.8%), 1 Hadar (4.5%), 1 Montevideo (4.5%), 1 Colombo (4.5%), 1 Spartel (4.5%), and 2 subspecies (9.10%) as Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae and Salmonell...

Molecular identification and antibiotic resistance profiling of Salmonella species isolated from chickens in eastern Turkey

“…Many studies have been conducted to reveal the presence and distribution of Salmonella species in chicken, worldwide and the prevalence rates ranging from 4 to 92% have been reported [24,25]. On the other hand, field and abattoir based studies carried out different regions of Turkey have declared the proportions ranging from 0.4 to 39% [8][9][10]. In the analysis of sock swabs and internal organ samples collected from the total of 77 chicken flocks in the present study, Salmonella spp.…”

“…Also, according to 2016 EFSA report, S. Infantis (37%) was the most commonly reported Salmonella serotype in broiler flocks, followed by S. Enteritidis (14%) [34]. In Turkey, previous studies based on conventional serotyping reported varied results in terms of the frequency of Salmonella agents depending on the study region and sample type but, overall evaluation of these studies showed that most commonly identified serotypes in chicken flocks were S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium and S. Infantis [9,10,26,[35][36][37][38][39]. In the present study, mPCR analysis of Salmonella sp.…”

“…Antibiotic resistance status of Salmonella species has been studied in Turkey as well, mostly based on phenotypical methods. In a number of studies carried out in different parts of Turkey, Salmonella isolates obtained from samples collected in both chicken flocks and slaughterhouses were reported to show the highest resistance against ampicillin [9,10,26,35,41]. The only molecular based study carried out in Sanliurfa province of Turkey so far, has reported that S. Infantis isolates obtained from various food sources showed high resistance against tetracycline and sulfonamide [44].…”

“…Prevalence of Salmonella in chickens varies considerably between the countries. Field and abattoir based studies carried out in European countries revealed proportions ranging from 4 to 29% [7], while prevalence values ranging from 0.4 to 39% have been reported in different parts of Turkey [8][9][10].…”

Çiğ Tavuk Karkaslarından İzole Edilen Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis ve Salmonella spp.’nin Prevalans, Serolojik Tiplendirme ve PCR Hassasiyetinin Karşılaştırılması

“…The elevated presence of this serotype in chicken products agrees with S. Enteritidis being the predominant serotype associated with outbreaks due the consumption of eggs [6] . Accordingly, S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Paratyphi B and S. Typhi are the most common serotypes isolated from humans [14] and poultry [27] in Turkey.…”