Detection of Periodontal Disease Marker with Geometrical Transformation of Ag Nanoplates

Abstract

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) are crucial salivary biomarkers for the diagnosis of periodontal disease that harms the periodontal tissue along with tooth loss. However, there has been no way of sensitive and portable detection of both biomarkers in saliva with multivariate signal readout. In this work, we design the multicolorimetric ALP and IL-1β sensing platform based on geometrical transformation of silver nanoplate transducer. By utilizing enzymatic activity of ALP that dephosphorylates p-aminophenol phosphate (p-APP) to p-aminophenol (p-AP), localized surface plasmon resonance properties of silver nanoplate vary with ALP and show a distinct color change from blue to yellow based on a controlled seed transformation from triangular to hexagonal, rounded pentagonal, and spherical shape. The multicolor sensor shows an ALP detection range of 0–25 U/L with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0011 U/L, which is the lowest range of LOD demonstrated to date for state-of-the-art ALP sensor. Furthermore, we integrate the sensor with the conventional ELISA to detect IL-1β for multicolor signaling and it exhibits a linear detection range of 0–250 pg/mL and an LOD of 0.066 pg/mL, which is 2 orders of magnitude lower than the monochromic conventional ELISA (LOD of 3.8 pg/mL). The ALP multicolor sensor shows high selectivity with a recovery of 100.9% in real human saliva proving its reliability and suitability for the readily accessible periodontal diagnosis with multivariate signal readout.

Hofmeister Effect Promoted the Introduction of Tunable Large Mesopores in MOFs at Low Temperature for Femtomolar ALP Detection

“…[41] Given its association with numerous diseases, [42] abnormalities in ALP activity serve as important biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and treatment. [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] Hence, the visual detection of low abundance biomarker of ALP has garnered significant attention in the fields of diagnostics and biomedical research.…”

Overview on the Development of Alkaline-Phosphatase-Linked Optical Immunoassays

“…In addition to anisotropic gold nanostructures, silver nanostructures can also serve as the substrates for plasmonic immunoassays. For instance, Kim et al reported a plasmonic immunoassay for the detection of periodontal disease marker interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 β ) with the ALP-triggered geometrical transformation of Ag triangular nanoplates (AgNPLs) ( Figure 20 D) [ 154 ]. In this work, PAP reduced Ag + into Ag seeds on the high-energy edge of AgNPLs, eventually resulting in the shape transformation from triangular to hexagonal, rounded pentagonal, and finally spherical.…”

“…Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society. ( D ) Schematic illustration of the plasmonic immunoassay for detection of IL-1 β with ALP-triggered geometrical transformation of AgNPLs [ 154 ]. Copyright 2023 American Chemical Society.…”

Ultrarapid Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Fluorescent Silver Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles and Its Application in Detecting Alkaline Phosphatase Activity

“…Therefore, it is of great significance for biomedical diagnoses to construct a simple, sensitive, and accurate biosensor to monitor ALP activity. Many approaches have been established for the measurement of ALP activity, including surface-enhanced Raman scattering [ 6 ], colorimetry [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], electrochemistry [ 10 , 11 ], chromatography [ 12 ], chemiluminescence [ 13 ], electrochemiluminescence [ 14 ], and fluorescence [ 5 , 15 , 16 ] strategies. Among these methods, fluorescent methods with high sensitivity, fast response times, and real-time detection capability have attracted particular interest [ 5 , 17 , 18 ].…”