Detection of <i>Mycoplasma wenyonii</i> and “<i>Candidatus</i> Mycoplasma haemobos” from Japanese Black breeding cows in Kyushu and Okinawa region, southern part of Japan

Abstract

This study aimed to elucidate the epidemiological status of hemoplasma infection and investigate the interaction between Theileria orientalis and hemoplasmas in Japanese Black breeding cows raised in the Kyushu and Okinawa regions. Blood samples were collected from 400 cows from 80 different farms in eight prefectures (five samples per farm and 10 farms per prefecture). Mycoplasma wenyonii (Mw), "Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos" (CMh), and T. orientalis were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using whole blood samples. PCR results showed that 91.5% (366/400) of cows were positive for bovine hemoplasma: 40.3% were infected with Mw only, 9.5% with CMh only, and 41.8% with both species. T. orientalis was detected in 36% (144/400) of cows. The infection rate of T. orientalis was higher in the grazing group (P < 0.001) than in the housed group, while the rate of CMh infection was higher (P < 0.05) in the housed group than in the grazing group, suggesting that not only the tick but also other arthropod vectors may contribute to hemoplasma transmission. Although the cows with hemoplasma dual infection showed higher (P < 0.05) white blood cell counts compared with hemoplasma-negative cows, there was no difference in hematologic parameters related to the anemia between the hemoplasma-positive andnegative animals. This may indicate that Japanese Black cattle could have resistance to the anemia caused by infection with hemoplasma.

Mycoplasma wenyonii and Candidatus Mycoplasma Haemobos in Pastoralists Cattle in Nigeria

“…Interestingly, the finding of the two hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. ; M. wenyonii and 'Candidatus M. haemobos' as single or co-infection in the cattle populations examined in this study is similar to reports from different parts of the world [16][17][18][19]36]. These findings underscore the ubiquitous nature of these organisms in cattle.…”

“…Elsewhere, higher prevalence than the results from this study were also reported. For example, the prevalence of 32.2% in Cuba [16], 28.6% in the Philippines [36], 64.2% in Brazil [19] and >90% in Japan and USA [17,18]. The variations in prevalence may be due to differences in laboratory procedures, climatic conditions, study population characteristics and sampling methods.…”

“…Mycoplasma wenyonii was first described in a splenectomized calf in 1934 [12]; since then, it has been reported in cattle from several countries [4, 5, 11, 13−18]. The second bovine hemoplasma species, currently named as 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos' was more recently reported in cattle from several countries around the world using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing techniques [11,13,14,15,17,19].…”

Preliminary report of Mycoplasma Wenoynii and Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos infection in Korean native cattle

“…The overall prevalence of hemoplasmas in this study was 33.7%, which was higher than we anticipated. Our results are similar to those from Brazil (34.83%) [ 6 ], Uganda (32.2%) [ 31 ], and Turkey (31.64%) [ 29 ], but were markedly lower than those reported in the Philippines [ 11 ], Cuba [ 21 ], Germany [ 18 ], Japan [ 26 ], Nigeria [ 32 ], and Switzerland [ 33 ]. According to our results, the infection rates of M. wenyonii and C. M. haemobos were 20.2% and 3.8%, respectively, suggesting that M. wenyonii is more prevalent in Korean native cattle than C. M. haemobos .…”

An Update of Bovine Hemoplasmas Based on Phylogenetic and Genomics Analysis

“…Hemoplasmas have constantly been detected in cattle in the last few years [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. However, their transmission by ticks lacks evidence.…”