Detection of Leachable Components from Conventional and Dental Bulk-Fill Resin Composites (High and Low Viscosity) Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) Method

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate leachable components (monomers) in high and low viscosity dental bulk-fill resin composites and conventional resin composite materials after polymerization. Six bulk-fill and six conventional dental resin composite materials were used in this study. The samples of each material (three sets of triplicates) were cured for 20 s with irradiance of 1200 mW/cm2 with a LED curing unit and immersed in a 75% ethanol solution at 37 °C. The eluates from each triplicate set were analyzed after 24 h, 7 days or 28 days using liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Detectable amounts of 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were found in both Gradia materials and the amount observed across different time points was statistically different (p ˂ 0.05), with the amount in solution increasing for Gradia and decreasing for Gradia Direct flo. Bisphenol A diglycidildimethacrylate (BIS GMA) was found in Filtek and Tetric materials. Triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) was detected in all materials. On the other hand, there were no statistically significant differences in the amounts of TEGDMA detected across different time points in either of the tested materials. Monomers HEMA, TEGDMA, 4-dimethylaminobenzoic acid ethyl ester (DMA BEE) and BIS GMA in bulk-fill and conventional composites (high and low viscosity) can be eluted after polymerization. The good selection of composite material and proper handling, the following of the manufacturer’s instructions for polymerization and the use of finishing and polishing procedures may reduce the elution of the unpolymerized monomers responsible for the possible allergic and genotoxic potential of dental resin composites.

Analysis of Resin-Based Dental Materials’ Composition Depending on Their Clinical Applications

“…Bisphenol A is not the only potentially toxic component in resin-based dental materials; other monomers could be toxic. The release of UDMA, TEGDMA, and HEMA is often reported in the literature, whether in vitro in organic solvents or artificial saliva or clinically in saliva [ 11 , 17 , 26 , 31 ]. Among the 53 monomers that are not BPA derivatives, three are mainly found in the chemical composition of the different categories of materials studied: UDMA, TEGDMA, and HEMA.…”

Analysis of Resin-Based Dental Materials Composition Depending on Their Clinical Applications

“…BPA is not the only potentially toxic components in resin-based dental materials, other monomers could be toxic. The release of UDMA, TEGDMA and HEMA is often reported in the literature whether in vitro in organic solvents or artificial saliva and clinically in saliva [9,15,24,29]. Among the 53 monomers not BPA derivatives, 3 are mainly found in the chemical composition of the different categories of materials studied: UDMA, TEGDMA and HEMA.…”

Evaluation of dental pulp stem cells response to flowable nano-hybrid dental composites: A comparative analysis

“…Factors like pH changes in the oral environment, mechanical forces from mastication, and the presence of enzymes in saliva can accelerate this degradation. The enduring consequences of such leaching on the viability and functionality of DPSCs are still a subject of ongoing research [ 19 ].…”