Detection of IgE‐reactive proteins in hydrolysed dog foods

Abstract

Some commercial hydrolysed diets contain carbohydrate proteins. Some dogs have circulating IgE antibodies targeting these proteins. The clinical significance of these findings is unknown.

An open label clinical trial to evaluate the utility of a hydrolysed fish and rice starch elimination diet for the diagnosis of adverse food reactions in dogs

“…There are several reasons why undetected false‐negative results may have occurred. It has been reported that a minority of dogs with AFR can recognize ultrahydrolysed diets, and one study reported that some dogs develop IgE to carbohydrate proteins present in rice and cornstarch, such as maize‐derived granule‐bound starch synthase‐1 and rice‐derived glutelin type B1 . It also is possible that a longer trial period was needed for some nonresponders.…”

An assessment of a Western blot method for the investigation of canine cutaneous adverse food reactions

“…Another study excluded cross‐contamination with foreign proteins in over 2,500 batches of this diet, but reported the residual presence of granule‐bound starch synthase‐1 (GBSS1), an amylogenesis enzyme protein from corn starch ( Zea mays ) . In vitro reactivity with Cyno‐DIAL to GBSS1 in hydrolyzed diets has been reported . For the Royal Canin Anallergenic diet, reactivity was seen in that study in about 10% of the tested dogs, which is in line with the results of our study.…”

“…In vitro reactivity with Cyno‐DIAL to GBSS1 in hydrolyzed diets has been reported . For the Royal Canin Anallergenic diet, reactivity was seen in that study in about 10% of the tested dogs, which is in line with the results of our study. However, in another study only 3% reactivity with the same serological assay and diet was reported .…”

“…Purina HA is a hydrolyzed soy and cornstarch diet with an average molecular weight of 12.2 kDa . In a previous study, reactivity to maize‐derived GBSS‐1 and to soybean‐derived glycinin, β‐conglycinin β‐chain and sucrose‐binding protein was reported in up to 26.9% of dogs . By contrast, only 3.6% of the dogs showed positive test reactions to Purina HA in the present study.…”

“…Blood was collected on one occasion for each dog by cephalic or jugular venipuncture while the dogs were receiving their original diet, before feeding the ED, and serum was immediately separated from blood and kept frozen at −20°C until thawed and analysed. The Cyno‐DIAL test is reported to be based on SDS–PAGE of whole foods (crushed dry food, wet food, fresh raw or cooked single ingredients), followed by Western blot using the dog's sera and reagents purported to detect canine IgE . The test was run against Royal Canin Anallergenic (chicken feather hydrolyzed diet), Farmina UltraHypo (hydrolyzed fish and rice starch), Trovet Hypoallergenic Horse HPD (horse and potato diet), fresh horse meat and one food item/ingredient to which the individual dog reacted to during the provocation tests.…”