Detection of Haemophilus aphrophilus in the Human Oral Flora with a Selective Medium

Kraut, Madeleine S.; Attebery, Howard R.; Finegold, Sydney M.; Sutter, Vera L.

doi:10.1093/infdis/126.2.189

Cited by 56 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…parainj7uenzae, H. paraphrophilus and H. segnis, of which the latter is present mainly in dental plaques (Kilian & Schistt, 1975). Haemophilus aphrophilus also occurs in dental plaques, although it is not invariably found, or at least not in detectable numbers (Kraut et a/., 1972).…”

Section: The Genus Haemophilus 53mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Taxonomic Study of the Genus Haemophilus, with the Proposal of a New Species

Kilian¹

1976

Journal of General Microbiology

687

433

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A collection of 426 Haemophilus strains isolated from people with infectious diseases and from the normal flora of mucous membranes in humans and various animal species was studied in an attempt to revise and improve the taxonomy of the genus Haemophilus. The examinations included the determination of a number of biochemical and physiological properties, of which several had not previously been applied to the taxonomy of haemophili. The resulting data revealed many hitherto unrecognized characters of taxonomic significance, and several of the species can now be more accurately defined. The classification presented is supported by the DNA base composition of a large number of representative strains. A diagnostic key to the different taxa is presented. Haemophilus injluenzae and H. paruinfluenzae have been subdivided into a number of biotypes. It is possible to demonstrate a relationship between the individual biotypes of H. influenzae and the origin of the strains assigned to them. The results indicate that H. aegyptius, H. parahaemolyticus and H. paraphrohaemolyticus do not merit specific status. Four unnamed taxa of V-factor-dependent haemophili have been recognized. The name Haemophilus segnis is proposed for one of these taxa, which consists mainly of strains isolated from the human oral cavity. It is demonstrated that the name H. ducreyi has been used for different groups of bacteria, and that only one of these groups can legitimately be assigned to the genus Haemophilus. Haemolytic V-factor-dependent strains from swine, previously included in H. parahaemolyticus, are significantly different from strains of human origin and should be named H.pleuropneumoniae. None of the strains from swine and fowls were haemindependent. The relationships of these strains to the species H. suis and H. gallinarum, and to H. parasuis and H. paragallinarum are discussed. Haemophilus piscium is shown not to belong to the genus Haemophilus. The taxonomic position of H. aphrophilus is uncertain and its possible relationship to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans requires further study. The positive correlation found between the ecology of the strains studied and their affiliation with the different taxa is discussed.

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Section: The Genus Haemophilus 53mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Taxonomic Study of the Genus Haemophilus, with the Proposal of a New Species

Kilian¹

1976

Journal of General Microbiology

687

433

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“…Boyce et a[ (1969) tested original isolates and concluded that although most bacterial cells in each culture of H. aphrophiluswere X dependent, a small proportion of X independent variants could be selected and isolated. Lack of dependence on X-factor was more conclusively demonstrated by Kraut et al (1972) by a quantitative culture procedure. This has also been reported by others (Farrand et al, 1969;Sutter and Finegold, 1970;Dorff and Kilian, 1974).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Haemophilus aphrophilus endocarditis in pregnancy.

Anand¹,

Mackay²,

Evans³

1976

J Clin Pathol

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“…There is a limitation, however, on the capacity of horse blood to neutralize these inhibitors, and this is probably related to the VOL. 8,1975 on May 9, 2018 by guest http://aac.asm.org/ Downloaded from activity of various enzymes in horse blood, including thymidine phosphorylase (1). This is evident from the comparative evaluation of four media by the agar dilution method in our studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…influenzae were identified by Gram stain, colonial morphology, and X-and V-factor growth requirements. Nitrate reduction and indole production tests were done on nontypable eye isolates (8). Typing was performed by the slide agglutination technique using commercial type-specific antisera (Difco) to H. influenzae.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Media and Inocula on the In Vitro Susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae to Co-Trimoxazole, Ampicillin, Penicillin, and Chloramphenicol

Marks

Weinmaster²

1975

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The effects of inocula and media on the activities of ampicillin, penicillin, chloramphenicol and co-trimoxazole against Haemophilus influenzae were examined in vitro. Two inocula and four media were tested by the disk diffusion, broth dilution, and agar dilution methods. Chloramphenicol activity versus H. influenzae was least affected by changes in inocula and media, whereas co-trimoxazole was most susceptible to these effects. Filde's and Levinthal's agar dilution tests were most satisfactory for ampicillin. Penicillin was less active on Levinthal's than on Filde's agar. Both ampicillin and penicillin were less active when tested against the higher inoculum. Co-trimoxazole was most active (<1% H. influenzae was resistant) when tested at an inoculum of 106 colony-forming units/ml on diagnostic susceptibility test agar with 5% lysed horse blood added. The majority of H. influenzae appeared resistant to co-trimoxazole with increases in the test inocula and/or when tested on brain heart infusion with Filde's, Levinthal's or "low-thymidine" Mueller-Hinton medium.The recognition of Haemophilus influenzae resistant to ampicillin has emphasized the importance of routine susceptibility testing of these bacteria in hospital laboratories (6,11,15). A study was undertaken to evaluate the comparative antimicrobial susceptibilities ofH. influenzae to four currently available antimicrobials and to determine the effects of inocula and media on these in vitro measurements. MATERIAL AND METHODSH. influenzae were identified by Gram stain, colonial morphology, and X-and V-factor growth requirements. Nitrate reduction and indole production tests were done on nontypable eye isolates (8). Typing was performed by the slide agglutination technique using commercial type-specific antisera (Difco) to H. influenzae.Strains were isolated from ill children seen at the Montreal Children's Hospital from 1 January to 31 October 1974 and were stored in pure culture in defibrinated horse blood at -70 C. The sources and respective number of H. influenzae studied were as follows: blood, 17; cerebrospinal fluid, 13; eye, 20; nose, 2; sputum, 3; throat, 7; pleural fluid, 2; ear, 1; nasopharynx, 5; wound, 2. Seventy-two isolates were tested for susceptibility to ampicillin, penicillin, chloramphenicol, and co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim [TMPl/sulfamethoxazole [SMZ]) by the disk diffusion, broth dilution, and agar dilution methods. Overnight cultures incubated at 37 C in Levinthal's broth were diluted to produce inocula of 106 and 108 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml, verified by colony counts. All tests were carried out using brain heart infusion (BHI; Difco), with 10% Filde's medium (Difco) added and Levinthal's medium prepared from defibrinated laked horse erythrocytes as described by McLinn et al. (10). In addition, cotrimoxazole agar dilution studies and all disk diffusion tests were performed on "low-thymidine" Mueller-Hinton agar (MH; Difco) with 5% defibrinated lysed horse blood plus 2.5 MLg of reduced betanicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (Sigma; ...

show abstract

Detection of Haemophilus aphrophilus in the Human Oral Flora with a Selective Medium

Cited by 56 publications

References 10 publications

A Taxonomic Study of the Genus Haemophilus, with the Proposal of a New Species

A Taxonomic Study of the Genus Haemophilus, with the Proposal of a New Species

Haemophilus aphrophilus endocarditis in pregnancy.

Influences of Media and Inocula on the In Vitro Susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae to Co-Trimoxazole, Ampicillin, Penicillin, and Chloramphenicol

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