Detection of Giardia intestinalis assemblages A and B among children from three villages in the West Delta region, Egypt using assemblage specific primers

Elhadad, Heba; Abdo, Sarah; Tolba, Mona Mohamed; Salem, Aziza Ibrahim; Mohamed, Mostafa A.; El-Abd, Eman; El-Taweel, Hend A

doi:10.1007/s12639-020-01338-x

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Interestingly, PCR-based studies that use assemblage-specific primers targeting the tpi locus are more likely to observe mixed-assemblage infections in comparison to other PCR methodologies ( Huey et al., 2013 ; Elhadad et al., 2021 ) (see Table 2 ). Huey et al.…”

Section: Molecular Tools For Genetic Characterisation Of G ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The controversies surrounding Giardia intestinalis assemblages A and B

Zajaczkowski

Lee

Fletcher-Lartey

et al. 2021

Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases

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Section: Molecular Tools For Genetic Characterisation Of G ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The controversies surrounding Giardia intestinalis assemblages A and B

Zajaczkowski

Lee

Fletcher-Lartey

et al. 2021

Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases

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“…Among cancer patients examined in Shiraz, zoonotic assemblages A (sub-assemblages AI and AII) and B (sub-assemblage BIV) were found; such assemblages were previously isolated from different hosts such as mammals (including humans, primates, rodents), ruminants, birds, etc. [22][23][24][25][26]. Characterization of the zoonotic assemblages from cancer patients in the present study does not necessarily signify transmission from animal sources to individuals; however, it can be suggested that such patients should avoid close animal contact.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Clinical Manifestations and Molecular Identification of Giardia duodenalis in Pediatric Cancer Patients in Shiraz, Southwestern Iran

Mahdavi,

Mohammadi,

Shamsi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Purpose Understanding the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in the general population is crucial, especially in individuals with cancer. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and molecular characteristics of Giardia duodenalis (G. duodenalis) infection and identify potential risk factors in children and teenagers with malignancies in Shiraz, southwestern Iran. Methods 200 fresh fecal samples were collected from children and adolescents suffering from 32 different cancer types at Amir, Nemazee, and Saadi hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences between October 2021 to May 2023. Direct microscopy using saline and iodine wet mount was conducted, and all fecal samples were rechecked by SSU-PCR. Subsequently, a DNA fragment from the tpi gene was amplified on SSU-PCR positive samples for sequencing and assemblage identification. Results Our study found a 4% (8/200) prevalence of G. duodenalis using microscopy and PCR. The molecular findings were consistent with the microscopic results. All eight positive samples with SSU-rRNA gene were also detected as positive with tpi gene and were correctly sequenced. Among the examined cancer patients, two assemblages were identified: A [sub-assemblage AI (2/8, 25%) and sub-assemblage AII (3/8, 37.5%)] and B [sub-assemblage BIV (3/8, 37.5%)]. Notably, patients were more vulnerable to G. duodenalis infection after receiving at least 8 treatment episodes (P < 0.05) and displaying gastrointestinal symptoms (P > 0.05). The demographic characteristics of cancer patients with Giardia infection and the statistical conclusions were separately detailed. Conclusions The small sample size and low prevalence rate in this study hindered precise epidemiological conclusions. Nonetheless, the results suggest that G. duodenalis infection among cancer patients in Shiraz city originates from humans, without any specific animal groups (C-H) involved. Additional molecular-based analyses are required to verify and build upon these findings.

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“…In developing countries, the prevalence of G. duodenalis ranged from 10 – 50% ( 9 ). In Egypt, the prevalence of G. duodenalis among children diverges from 10 to 36.6% ( 3 , 8 – 9 ). In Beni-Suef, Egypt a previous in study conducted among children suffering from acute diarrhea the prevalence G. duodenalis was 27.2% which is lower than the prevalence detected in the present study (30.7%) ( 9 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Egypt, B. hominis and G. duodenalis are frequently diagnosed in adults (38.9% and 34.6%, respectively) and in children (67% and 64.8% respectively) ( 3 – 8 ). Faecal-oral route is the main route of transmission for both parasites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Nitazoxanide, Nitazoxanide-Garlic Combination and Tinidazole in Treatment of Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis hominis: Coproscopic Assessment

Abdo¹,

Ghallab²,

Zaghloul³

et al. 2023

IJPA

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Background: Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis hominis are among the most common intestinal protozoa worldwide. Treatment of infection by metronidazole (MTZ) has some limitations. The objective of this study was to detect the prevalence of Blastocystis and giardiasis among school-age children from December 2021 till March 2022 from Motoubes, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt, and determine the efficacy of nitazoxanide (NTZ), NTZ plus garlic and tinidazole (TIN) on Blastocystis and giardiasis infection. Methods: Stool samples were collected from 390 children and microscopically examined using formalin-ethyl acetate concentration and culturing on Jones' medium for B. hominis. Those who tested positive for giardiasis (120 children, 30.7%) (Group I) or Blastocystis (180 children, 46.1%) (Group II) were equally divided into four subgroups. The first subgroup received NTZ orally, every 12 hours for three successive days. The second subgroup received NTZ in the same dose as the first subgroup plus dry garlic powder every 12 hours for three successive days. The third subgroup received TIN as a single oral dose, and a fourth control subgroup. Successful cure was considered if no Blastocystis or giardiasis stages were found in post-treatment faecal specimens. Results: Cure rate was significantly higher in TIN treated groups (75.5% and 96.6%) than NTZ (57.7% and 40% ) or NTZ plus garlic treated groups ( 55.5% and 43%) in both Blastocystis and giardiasis, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: TIN, once, is more efficacious than NTZ or NTZ plus garlic in the treatment of Blastocystis and giardiasis in children.

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Detection of Giardia intestinalis assemblages A and B among children from three villages in the West Delta region, Egypt using assemblage specific primers

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

The controversies surrounding Giardia intestinalis assemblages A and B

The controversies surrounding Giardia intestinalis assemblages A and B

Clinical Manifestations and Molecular Identification of Giardia duodenalis in Pediatric Cancer Patients in Shiraz, Southwestern Iran

Efficacy of Nitazoxanide, Nitazoxanide-Garlic Combination and Tinidazole in Treatment of Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis hominis: Coproscopic Assessment

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