Detectable expression of IL-35 in CD4+ T cells from peripheral blood of chronic Hepatitis B patients

Liu, Fen; Tong, Fu-yi; He, Yan; Liu, Haiyan

doi:10.1016/j.clim.2010.12.012

Cited by 49 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A high viral load has been shown to suppress CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in addition to the induction of Treg cells in patients with chronic HBV infection [81,82]. The level of peripheral Treg cells is significantly increased in patients with chronic hepatitis B. TGF-β, IL-10, and IL-35 secreted by Treg cells are strongly linked to liver cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma caused by chronic hepatitis B [31, 81,83].…”

Section: Treg-associated Cytokines and Hbv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine-Mediated Immunopathogenesis of Hepatitis B Virus Infections

Liu

Tian

et al. 2014

Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide health problem, with approximately one third of populations have been infected, among which 3-5% of adults and more than 90% of children developed to chronic HBV infection. Host immune factors play essential roles in the outcome of HBV infection. Thus, ineffective immune response against HBV may result in persistent virus replications and liver necroinflammations, then lead to chronic HBV infection, liver cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Cytokine balance was shown to be an important immune characteristic in the development and progression of hepatitis B, as well as in an effective antiviral immunity. Large numbers of cytokines are not only involved in the initiation and regulation of immune responses but also contributing directly or indirectly to the inhibition of virus replication. Besides, cytokines initiate downstream signaling pathway activities by binding to specific receptors expressed on the target cells and play important roles in the responses against viral infections and, therefore, might affect susceptibility to HBV and/or the natural course of the infection. Since cytokines are the primary causes of inflammation and mediates liver injury after HBV infection, we have discussed recent advances on the roles of various cytokines [including T helper type 1 cells (Th1), Th2, Th17, regulatory T cells (Treg)-related cytokines] in different phases of HBV infection and cytokine-related mechanisms for impaired viral control and liver damage during HBV infection. We then focus on experimental therapeutic applications of cytokines to gain a better understanding of this newly emerging aspect of disease pathogenesis.

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Section: Treg-associated Cytokines and Hbv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine-Mediated Immunopathogenesis of Hepatitis B Virus Infections

Liu

Tian

et al. 2014

Clinic Rev Allerg Immunol

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“…IL-35 association has been shown with atherosclerosis (Lin et al, 2012), hepatitis B (Liu et al, 2011);leukemia (Wu et al, 2012), and tumor (Olson et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2013), but its regulatory role in infectious diseases is yet to be established. Association of IL-35 with the progression of VL may lead to new targets for better intervention and control of the disease.…”

Section: Friends and Foes Among The Members Of Il-12 Familymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamicity of Immune Regulation during Visceral Leishmaniasis

Asad¹,

Ali²

2014

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy

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“…Similarly, IL-35, a novel member of the IL-12 family, also contributes to T reg -mediated infectious tolerance by converting conventional T cells into T regs (Collison et al, 2010). However, the presence and function of IL-35 in human CD4+ Foxp3+ T regs is controversial (Bardel et al, 2008;Chaturvedi et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2011). Moreover, EBI-3 (IL-35) KO mice do not exhibit gross autoimmunity similar to that displayed by Foxp3, IL-2 or CTLA-4 deficient mice, raising a question about its physiological role in T regs function (Bardel et al, 2008;Chaturvedi et al, 2011;Dokmeci et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2011).…”

Section: T Regs -Discovery and Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the presence and function of IL-35 in human CD4+ Foxp3+ T regs is controversial (Bardel et al, 2008;Chaturvedi et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2011). Moreover, EBI-3 (IL-35) KO mice do not exhibit gross autoimmunity similar to that displayed by Foxp3, IL-2 or CTLA-4 deficient mice, raising a question about its physiological role in T regs function (Bardel et al, 2008;Chaturvedi et al, 2011;Dokmeci et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2011). Finally, although CTLA-4 was originally claimed not to be required for the suppressive mechanism of T regs in vitro, as described below, new evidence clearly supports a role in modulating APC function which will indirectly inhibit T-cell activation under certain circumstances (Wing et al, 2008;Qureshi et al, 2011).…”

Section: T Regs -Discovery and Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Molecular Mechanisms of Regulatory T cell Immunosuppression

Pandiyan

Smith²,

Medical³

et al. 2013

Frontiers Research Topics

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CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + T lymphocytes, known as regulatory T cells or T regs , have been proposed to be a lineage of professional immune suppressive cells that exclusively counteract the effects of the immunoprotective "helper" and "cytotoxic" lineages of T lymphocytes. Here we discuss new concepts on the mechanisms and functions of T regs . There are several key points we emphasize: 1. Tregs exert suppressive effects both directly on effector T cells and indirectly through antigen-presenting cells; 2. Regulation can occur through a novel mechanism of cytokine consumption to regulate as opposed to the usual mechanism of cytokine/chemokine production; 3. In cases where CD4 + effectorT cells are directly inhibited by T regs , it is chiefly through a mechanism of lymphokine withdrawal apoptosis leading to polyclonal deletion; and 4. Contrary to the current view, we discuss new evidence that T regs , similar to other T-cells lineages, can promote protective immune responses in certain infectious contexts (Chen et al., 2011;Pandiyan et al., 2011). Although these points are at variance to varying degrees with the standard model of T reg behavior, we will recount developing findings that support these new concepts.

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Detectable expression of IL-35 in CD4+ T cells from peripheral blood of chronic Hepatitis B patients

Cited by 49 publications

References 20 publications

Cytokine-Mediated Immunopathogenesis of Hepatitis B Virus Infections

Cytokine-Mediated Immunopathogenesis of Hepatitis B Virus Infections

Dynamicity of Immune Regulation during Visceral Leishmaniasis

The Molecular Mechanisms of Regulatory T cell Immunosuppression

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