Detailed characterization of hospitalized patients infected with the Omicron variant of SARS‐CoV‐2

Ozdalga, Errol; Ahuja, Neera; Sehgal, Niraj L.; Hom, Jason; Weng, Yingjie; Pinsky, Benjamin A.; Collins, William J.

doi:10.1111/joim.13501

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Patients hospitalized for COVID-19 during the Omicron wave were older and suffered more frequently from significant comorbidities compared to patients hospitalized during the Delta wave. This is in accordance with preview studies conducted in the United States [ 13 , 25 ] showing that during the Omicron wave, hospitalized patients for COVID-19 were older and had more impaired health status, leading to the possible conclusion that the two variants of SARS-CoV-2 differ in their pathogenesis. The fact that in our study the percentage of patients who were totally vaccinated did not differ significantly probably indicates that the Omicron variant causes severe disease mostly in patients with impaired health status [ 26 ], while the Delta variant could lead to severe disease in young patients without significant comorbidities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 in the Periods of Delta and Omicron Variant Dominance in Greece: Determinants of Severity and Mortality

Karageorgou,

Papaioannou,

Kallieri

et al. 2023

JCM

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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a pandemic since 2020, and depending on the SARS-CoV-2 mutation, different pandemic waves have been observed. The aim of this study was to compare the baseline characteristics of patients in two phases of the pandemic and evaluate possible predictors of mortality. Methods: This is a retrospective multicenter observational study that included patients with COVID-19 in 4 different centers in Greece. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the period during which they were infected during the Delta and Omicron variant predominance. Results: A total of 979 patients (433 Delta, 546 Omicron) were included in the study (median age 67 years (54, 81); 452 [46.2%] female). Compared to the Omicron period, the patients during the Delta period were younger (median age [IQR] 65 [51, 77] vs. 70 [55, 83] years, p < 0.001) and required a longer duration of hospitalization (8 [6, 13] vs. 7 [5, 12] days, p = 0.001), had higher procalcitonin levels (ng/mL): 0.08 [0.05, 0.17] vs. 0.06 [0.02, 0.16], p = 0.005, ferritin levels (ng/mL): 301 [159, 644] vs. 239 [128, 473], p = 0.002, C- reactive protein levels (mg/L): 40.4 [16.7, 98.5] vs. 31.8 [11.9, 81.7], p = 0.003, and lactate dehydrogenase levels (U/L): 277 [221, 375] vs. 255 [205, 329], p < 0.001. The Charlson Comorbidity Index was lower (3 [0, 5] vs. 4 [1, 6], p < 0.001), and the extent of disease on computed tomography (CT) was greater during the Delta wave (p < 0.001). No evidence of a difference in risk of death or admission to the intensive care unit was found between the two groups. Age, cardiovascular events, acute kidney injury during hospitalization, extent of disease on chest CT, D-dimer, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio values were identified as independent predictors of mortality for patients in the Delta period. Cardiovascular events and acute liver injury during hospitalization and the PaO2/FiO2 ratio on admission were identified as independent predictors of mortality for patients in the Omicron period. Conclusions: In the Omicron wave, patients were older with a higher number of comorbidities, but patients with the Delta variant had more severe disease and a longer duration of hospitalization.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 in the Periods of Delta and Omicron Variant Dominance in Greece: Determinants of Severity and Mortality

Karageorgou,

Papaioannou,

Kallieri

et al. 2023

JCM

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“…Patients requiring hospital treatment during the Omicron wave were significantly older, less frequently obese, and had a much higher burden of comorbidities compared to those hospitalized during the Delta variant's predominant period. The results of retrospective observational studies conducted in the U.S. among hospitalized adults are consistent with our results regarding the difference in the mean age of patients [26,27]. This is not supported by an analysis from France documenting the lower age of patients infected with the Omicron variant, 54 vs. 62 years during the Delta wave [28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Differences between the course of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the periods of the Delta and Omicron variants dominance in Poland

Dobrowolska¹,

Brzdęk²,

Zarębska-Michaluk³

et al. 2023

Polish Archives of Internal Medicine

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In our study, we documented, based on objective indicators, a milder course of COVID-19 in patients hospitalized during the wave of cases in the first half of 2022 during the dominance of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 compared to cases in the second half of 2021 dominated by the Delta variant. Additionally, during Omicron wave greater use of antiviral drugs and lower use of immunomodulators was observed.

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“…With the greater vaccination coverage, most patients develop a mild disease with symptoms like fever, cough and fatigue, and a good prognosis after infection with SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. [10][11][12] However, patients with contraindications, the elderly with or without underlying conditions, or patients with suppressed immune system typically progress rapidly to a severe type, with a high rate of ICU admission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical observation of neutralizing antibody DXP‐604 for treatment critical COVID‐19 patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 Delta variant

Chen

Shao

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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From January to March 2022, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Delta (B.1.617.2) infection was prevalent in Yuzhou and Zhengzhou. DXP-604 is a broad-spectrum antiviral monoclonal antibody, which has excellent viral neutralization ability in vitro and a long half-life in vivo, with good biosafety and tolerability. Preliminary results showed that DXP-604 can accelerate recovery from Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in hospitalized patients with mild to moderate clinical symptoms. However, the efficacy of DXP-604 has not been fully studied in high-risk severe patients. Here, we prospectively enrolled 27 high-risk patients, two groups were divided, in addition to receiving standard of care (SOC), 14 of them additionally received the neutralizing antibody DXP-604 therapy, and another 13 intensive care unit (ICU) patients simultaneously underwent SOC as a control group matched for age, gender, and clinical type. The results revealed lower C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, lactic dehydrogenase and neutrophil counts, and higher lymphocyte and monocyte counts from Day 3 post-DXP-604 treatment compared with SOC treatment. Besides, thoracic CT images showed improvements in lesion areas and degrees, along with changes in blood inflammatory factors. Moreover, DXP-604 reduced the invasive mechanical ventilation and mortality of high-risk SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. The ongoing clinical trials of DXP-604 neutralizing antibody will clarify its utility as a new attractive countermeasure for high-risk COVID-19.

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Detailed characterization of hospitalized patients infected with the Omicron variant of SARS‐CoV‐2

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 in the Periods of Delta and Omicron Variant Dominance in Greece: Determinants of Severity and Mortality

Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 in the Periods of Delta and Omicron Variant Dominance in Greece: Determinants of Severity and Mortality

Differences between the course of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the periods of the Delta and Omicron variants dominance in Poland

Clinical observation of neutralizing antibody DXP‐604 for treatment critical COVID‐19 patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 Delta variant

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