“…In general, spoof detection is quite challenging in the biometric area and accordingly the investigation of its effect on different modalities such as face, iris, fingerprint, multimodal biometric systems, etc. is encouraged [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Typically, texture, motion and liveness analyses are common techniques in biometric systems to counter spoofing attacks [2,[14][15][16].…”