Designing and evaluation of sodium selenite nanoparticles in vitro to improve selenium absorption in ruminants

Abstract

Sodium selenite is used to prevent selenium deficiency known as nutritional muscular dystrophy or white muscle disease. In ruminants, selenium supplements are transformed partiality in insoluble form by ruminal microorganisms and its process decrease the selenium absorption in digestive gastrointestinal. However, the objective in this research was focused in encapsulated sodium selenite to be release into of a pH less than four, similarity to an intestinal environment. It was encapsulated by nanoprecipitation and emulsion–evaporation methods, within polymeric nanoparticles. The effect of these methods, polymer proportion (Eudragit RL and RS) and solvent (ethanol and acetone) on the physicochemical (drug entrapment, polidispersity index (PDI) and z potential) and morphological characteristics (particle morphology and particle size) were evaluated. Particle size from each nanoparticles, formulation ranged from 36.64 to 213.86 nm. Particle size, z potential and PDI increased (P ≤ 0.01) when nanoprecipitation and ethanol were used. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed when different polymeric proportions were used. Selenium entrapment was 26% when emulsion–evaporation method was used and 78% with nanoprecipitation. Nanoparticles produced by nanoprecipitation were spherical and had a great variation in particle size; on the other hand, nanoparticles produced by emulsion–evaporation were spherical as well as amorphous and presented a homogeneous nanopartcicle size distribution. The release of selenium from nanoparticles was higher in acid pH (less than 4), this condition may represent a better availability of the mineral in the small intestine.

Effect of Aqueous Nanosuspensions of Clay Minerals on Broilers' Performance and Some Selected Antibody Titers

“…This is because nanotechnology has the potential to change the particles of material from large scale to nanoscale generally 1-300 nm in size [15]. At this small size, the properties and characteristics can differ considerably compared to those at large scales [16]. Unfortunately, there is a lack or null information about the use of nanotechnology in poultry production particularly broiler feeding.…”

“…However, we believe that the chemical composition of aqueous nanosuspension that contains mineral elements plays a role in improving antibodies production noticed in the present study. In this regard, it has been reported that minerals are one of the most widely supplements used in poultry and animal nutrition [16]. Additionally, the way in which minerals are found influences their bioavailability, and so far, if they have low bioavailability, the animal will not make suitable use of them.…”

Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles for Their Therapeutic Application

“…insoluble form by microorganisms in ruminant's body, and its process decreases the selenium absorption in the digestive gastrointestinal cavity [25]. Selenium occurs in multiple oxidation states, for example, +6, +4, 0, or −2 [12].…”

Effect of an Aqueous Nanosuspension of Clay Minerals on the Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Internal Organs of Broilers

“…reported that nanotechnology has the potential to change the particles of materials from a large scale to nano-scale particles (1 to 300 nanometers in size). At this small size the properties and characteristics can differ considerably with particles of larger sizes [13]. Unfortunately there is a lack or even null information regarding the use of nanotechnology in broiler feeding and nutrition.…”