Design Optimization and Implementation for RF Energy Harvesting Circuits

Nintanavongsa, Prusayon; Muncuk, Ufuk; Lewis, D. R.; Chowdhury, Kaushik R.

doi:10.1109/jetcas.2012.2187106

Cited by 396 publications

(256 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…NMOS diode width/length ratio is chosen to be as high as 37.5um/130 nm. The capacitor is parallel designed with load resistance to store the output voltage and influence the speed of transient response [17]. By increasing the number of multiplier stages, the output voltage will be increased, but this will reduce current across the load.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a diode connected MOSFETs still have a constraint as the amplitude voltage of the input RF signal is very low compared to their threshold voltage (V ) is limited by the peak value of sinusoidal input voltage. Additionally, the number of rectifier stages has a major effect on the output voltage since they are directly proportional [17]. Voltage multiplier of four stages has been presented in this paper and the output voltage produce from input as low as-20 dBm to 5dBm with level power interval of 5dBm has been analyzed.…”

Section: Rf Harvester Circuit Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultra Low Power Hybrid Micro Energy Harvester Using Rf, Thermal and Vibration for Biomedical Devices

Sampe

Zulkifli²,

Semsudin³

et al. 2016

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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The objective of this research is to design ultra-low power Hybrid Micro Energy Harvester (HMEH) circuit using hybrid inputs of radio frequency (RF), thermal and vibration for biomedical devices. In the HMEH architecture, three input sources (RF, thermal and vibration) are combined in parallel to solve the limitation issue of a single source energy harvester and to improve the system performance. Energy will be scavenged from the human body for thermal and vibration sources by converting directly temperature difference and human movement to electrical energy. The inputs are set to 0.02V and 0.5V for thermal and vibration respectively with the frequency of 1 kHz. Meanwhile, RF source is absorbed from radio wave propagation in our surrounding. For this work, the frequency is set to 915MHz and the output voltages for input ranges of-20dBm to 5dBm are recorded. The performance analysis of the HMEH is divided into two; thermal and vibration harvester circuit and RF harvester circuit. These proposed HMEH circuits are modeled, designed and simulated using PSPICE software. Vibration produces AC input and will be converted to DC using a rectifier. A comparator is used to compare the two sources (thermal and vibration) and boost converter is proposed to step-up these small input sources. Meanwhile, due to RF large frequency, the voltage multiplier is practical for both rectify and step up the input instead of the boost converter. LC resonant network is used to amplify low ambient input of RF passively before it goes to 4-stages voltage multiplier. The proposed HMEH able to achieve the output ranges of 2.0 to 4.0V with 1MΩ load. The results obtained in this research work shows that the proposed design able to produce sufficient voltage for biomedical application requirement which lies between 2.0-4.0 V from the ambient input of 0.02 to 0.5V for thermal and vibration while-9dBm for RF signal.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rf Harvester Circuit Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra Low Power Hybrid Micro Energy Harvester Using Rf, Thermal and Vibration for Biomedical Devices

Sampe

Zulkifli²,

Semsudin³

et al. 2016

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Yakovlev et al (2012) reported on their article that low available power is one of the constraints which demand the use of low power on chip circuitry. To improve power extraction, Nintanavongsa et al (2012) introduced an optimal dual stage design to achieve approximately 100% improvement. Motiur Rahaman et al (2015) implemented self-powered conditioning circuit which consists of voltage doubler, charge pump, dc-dc converter and bypass path with the capacitor.…”

Section: Related Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vision of realizing an autonomous Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) attracted much attention recently as it offers a wide range of applications (Nintanavongsa et al, 2012). These WSNs can sense, process and wirelessly transmit information such as temperature, humidity, location and sensor identification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architecture of Ultra Low Power Micro Energy Harvester Using RF Signal for Health Care Monitoring System: A Review

Zulkifli¹,

Sampe

Islam

et al. 2015

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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This research presents architecture of Ultra Low Power (ULP) Micro Energy Harvester (MEH) using Radio Frequency (RF) signal as an input. RF has many advantages compared to other ambient sources because it is not affected by changes of weather or time, does not require heat or wind exposure and it can be moved randomly within the bound of the transmission source. When RF is used as the sole input, the designer needs to consider impedance matching as the most important element so that the antenna can transfer maximum power. The existing energy harvesters apply conjugate matching network as the current solution. However, this method causes some difficulties since the solution requires consideration of both voltage boosting and conjugate matching network simultaneously. To solve this problem, we propose ULP Radio Frequency Micro Energy Harvester (RFMEH) that will utilize a control loop as voltage boosting adjuster and network tuner to achieve maximum power transfer and minimum power reflection. The proposed architecture will also improve the RF-DC conversion efficiency and the sensitivity of the system. This is achieved using an efficient rectification scheme to convert RF to DC, DC-DC boost converter to increase the dc output voltage, adaptive control circuit to adjust the switching timing of boost converter, voltage limiter and regulator to produce the best output voltage. The proposed ULP RFMEH architecture will be designed and simulated using PSPICE software, Verilog coding using Mentor Graphics and functional verification using FPGA board (FPGA) before being implemented in CMOS 0.13 µm process technology. The proposed architecture will deliver approximately 2.45 V of output voltage from low input power level (-20 dBm) with an efficiency of more than 60%. This design will minimize the power consumption as compared to previous achievements and it can be applied in supplying power for health care monitoring systems or micro biomedical applications.

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“…recent research on powering Mica2 sensor motes by harvesting the energy contained in radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic waves in [1] indicated the potential for large scale deployment of this technology. However, at the protocol level, this form of in-band energy replenishment is fraught with several challenges on: (i) how and when should the energy transfer occur, (ii) its priority over, and the resulting impact on the process of data communication, (iii) the challenges in aggregating the charging action of multiple transmitters, and (iv) impact of the choice of frequency.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

RF-MAC: A Medium Access Control Protocol for Re-Chargeable Sensor Networks Powered by Wireless Energy Harvesting

Naderi

Nintanavongsa

Chowdhury

2014

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

Self Cite

162

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Abstract-Wireless charging through directed radio frequency (RF) waves is an emerging technology that can be used to replenish the battery of a sensor node, albeit at the cost of data communication in the network. This tradeoff between energy transfer and communication functions requires a fresh perspective on medium access control (MAC) protocol design for appropriately sharing the channel. Through an experimental study, we demonstrate how the placement, the chosen frequency, and number of the RF energy transmitters impact the sensor charging time. These studies are then used to design a MAC protocol called RF-MAC that optimizes energy delivery to sensor nodes, while minimizing disruption to data communication. In the course of the protocol design, we describe mechanisms for (i) setting the maximum energy charging threshold, (ii) selecting specific transmitters based on the collective impact on charging time, (iii) requesting and granting energy transfer requests, and (iv) evaluating the respective priorities of data communication and energy transfer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first distributed MAC protocol for RF energy harvesting sensors, and through a combination of experimentation and simulation studies, we observe 300% maximum network throughput improvement over the classical modified unslotted CSMA MAC protocol.

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Design Optimization and Implementation for RF Energy Harvesting Circuits

Cited by 396 publications

References 10 publications

Ultra Low Power Hybrid Micro Energy Harvester Using Rf, Thermal and Vibration for Biomedical Devices

Ultra Low Power Hybrid Micro Energy Harvester Using Rf, Thermal and Vibration for Biomedical Devices

Architecture of Ultra Low Power Micro Energy Harvester Using RF Signal for Health Care Monitoring System: A Review

RF-MAC: A Medium Access Control Protocol for Re-Chargeable Sensor Networks Powered by Wireless Energy Harvesting

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